बिकना (biknaa)
verb
The intransitive/passive-sense partner of बेचना (bechnaa, 'to sell'): बिकना (biknaa) means 'to be sold, to sell (of goods, as a market fact)'. One sense, used both literally (of goods) and figuratively (of a person 'selling out' their principles).
Sense
1
:
to be sold; to sell (of goods, in the market)
verb, intransitive The subject is the thing sold, marked with ने-marking never applying (it is intransitive); the seller, if mentioned, appears with से (se) or a phrase like हाथों (haathon, 'at the hands of'), not as a direct agent.
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: Shopkeepers and vendors use this constantly: माल बिक गया (maal bik gayaa, 'the stock got sold') or यह चीज़ बहुत बिकती है (yah chiiz bahut biktii hai, 'this item sells a lot') -- it's the natural way to talk about how well something moves in the market, much more common in that context than any passive of बेचना (bechnaa).
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often reach for a passive construction of बेचना (bechnaa) (like बेचा जाता है, bechaa jaataa hai) when बिकना (biknaa) is the simpler, more natural native choice for 'this sells well' or 'this is sold here' -- यह यहाँ बिकता है (yah yahaan biktaa hai, 'this is sold here') sounds far more idiomatic than the periphrastic passive. 2) Because it's intransitive, it never takes ने (ne) in the perfective even though its meaning feels 'passive' -- सामान बिका (saamaan bikaa, 'the goods sold/were sold'), not सामान ने बिका.
Sample Sentences:
यह चीज़ बहुत बिकती है।
This item sells a lot.
(yah chiiz bahut biktii hai।)
सारा माल बिक गया।
All the stock got sold.
(saaraa maal bik gayaa।)
आज बाज़ार में सब्ज़ियाँ बिक रही हैं।
Vegetables are selling in the market today.
(aaj baazaar men sabziyaan bik rahii hain।)
पिछले साल यह मॉडल सबसे ज़्यादा बिका था।
Last year this model sold the most.
(pichhle saal yah modal sabse zyaadaa bikaa thaa।)
अगर दाम कम होते तो सामान जल्दी बिकता।
If the prices were lower, the goods would sell quickly.
(agar daam kam hote to saamaan jaldii biktaa।)
क्या यह किताब अच्छी बिकेगी?
Will this book sell well?
(kyaa yah kitaab achchhii bikegii?)
इस दुकान में नकली सामान भी बिकता है।
Fake goods are sold in this shop too.
(is dukaan men naklii saamaan bhii biktaa hai।)
उम्मीद है कि सारा स्टॉक इस हफ़्ते बिक जाए।
Hopefully all the stock gets sold this week.
(ummiid hai ki saaraa stok is hafte bik jaae।)
इस मंडी में गेहूँ बहुत अच्छे दाम पर बिकता है।
Wheat sells at a very good price in this market.
(is mandii men gehoon bahut achchhe daam par biktaa hai।)
पूरे शहर में यह अख़बार सबसे ज़्यादा बिकता है।
This newspaper sells the most in the whole city.
(poore shahar men yah akhbaar sabse zyaadaa biktaa hai।)
दुकानदार बोला कि सेल में सब कुछ बिक चुका है।
The shopkeeper said that everything in the sale has already been sold.
(dukaandaar bolaa ki sel men sab kuchh bik chukaa hai।)
Sense
2
:
to sell out, to be bought off (figurative, of a person's loyalty or principles)
verb, intransitive Often occurs with पैसों के हाथों (paison ke haathon, 'at the hands of money') or दाम पर (daam par, 'for a price') to specify what someone was bought with.
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: This is the word behind common political and moral criticism in Hindi media and conversation -- calling a politician or official बिका हुआ (bikaa huaa, 'a sellout, bought') is a sharp, everyday insult you'll hear in news debates and casual complaints about corruption alike.
Common Mistakes: 1) This figurative sense (a person 'selling out') is fully idiomatic in Hindi just as in English, but learners sometimes hesitate to apply बिकना (biknaa) to people, expecting it to stay literal to goods -- वह बिक गया (vah bik gayaa, 'he sold out/was bought off') is completely natural.
Sample Sentences:
वह नेता पैसों के लिए बिक गया।
That politician sold out for money.
(vah netaa paison ke lie bik gayaa।)
यह अफ़सर पूरी तरह बिका हुआ है।
This officer is a total sellout.
(yah afsar poorii tarah bikaa huaa hai।)
क्या तुम भी थोड़े से फ़ायदे के लिए बिक जाओगे?
Will you too sell out for a little profit?
(kyaa tum bhii thode se faayde ke lie bik jaaoge?)
ईमानदार आदमी कभी नहीं बिकता।
An honest man never sells out.
(iimaandaar aadmii kabhii nahiin biktaa।)
अगर तुम्हारा ज़मीर बिकता, तो अब तक अमीर होते।
If your conscience could be bought, you would have been rich by now.
(agar tumhaaraa zamiir biktaa, to ab tak amiir hote।)
मत बिको, चाहे कितना भी दबाव हो।
Don't sell out, no matter how much pressure there is.
(mat biko, chaahe kitnaa bhii dabaav ho।)
पत्रकार पर आरोप है कि वह बड़ी कंपनियों के आगे बिक गया है।
The journalist is accused of having sold out to big companies.
(patrkaar par aarop hai ki vah badii kampniyon ke aage bik gayaa hai।)
डर था कि दबाव में वह बिक जाए।
There was a fear that he might sell out under pressure.
(dar thaa ki dabaav men vah bik jaae।)
जब सारे मंत्री बिक जाएँ, तब इंसाफ़ की उम्मीद किससे रखें?
When all the ministers sell out, then who should we expect justice from?
(jab saare mantrii bik jaaen, tab insaaf kii ummiid kisse rakhen?)
सोशल मीडिया पर लोग उसे बिका हुआ बुला रहे हैं।
People on social media are calling him a sellout.
(soshal miidiyaa par log use bikaa huaa bulaa rahe hain।)
Morphology
Verb
infinitive:
बिकना
(biknaa)
infinitive oblique:
बिकने
(bikne)
habitual/simple (sg.m):
बिकता
(biktaa)
habitual/simple (pl.m):
बिकते
(bikte)
habitual/simple (sg.f):
बिकती
(biktii)
habitual/simple (pl.f):
बिकतीं
(biktiin)
continuous (sg.m):
बिक रहा
(bik rahaa)
continuous (pl.m):
बिक रहे
(bik rahe)
continuous (sg.f):
बिक रही
(bik rahii)
continuous (pl.f):
बिक रहीं
(bik rahiin)
perfective (sg.m):
बिका
(bikaa)
perfective (pl.m):
बिके
(bike)
perfective (sg.f):
बिकी
(bikii)
perfective (pl.f):
बिकीं
(bikiin)
imperative (informal):
बिक
(bik)
imperative (neutral):
बिको
(biko)
imperative (formal):
बिकिए
(bikie)
future (1sg.m):
बिकूँगा
(bikoongaa)
future (1sg.f):
बिकूँगी
(bikoongii)
future (1pl.m):
बिकेंगे
(bikenge)
future (1pl.f):
बिकेंगी
(bikengii)
future (2sg.m):
बिकेगा
(bikegaa)
future (2sg.f):
बिकेगी
(bikegii)
future (2pl.m):
बिकोगे
(bikoge)
future (2pl.f):
बिकोगी
(bikogii)
future (3sg.m):
बिकेगा
(bikegaa)
future (3sg.f):
बिकेगी
(bikegii)
future (3pl.m):
बिकेंगे
(bikenge)
future (3pl.f):
बिकेंगी
(bikengii)
subjunctive (1sg):
बिकूँ
(bikoon)
subjunctive (1pl):
बिकें
(biken)
subjunctive (2sg):
बिके
(bike)
subjunctive (2pl):
बिको
(biko)
subjunctive (3sg):
बिके
(bike)
subjunctive (3pl):
बिकें
(biken)