बाँटना (baantnaa)
verb
A transitive verb meaning 'to divide' or 'to distribute/share' -- the two meanings are closely related (dividing something often results in sharing it out among people).
Sense
1
:
to distribute, share out
verb, transitive
Synonyms: वितरित करना (vitrit karnaa, formal), बख़्शना (bakhshnaa, literary)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: Think of Diwali or a birthday at school: मिठाई बाँटना (mithaaii baantnaa, to distribute sweets) is a near-ritual phrase, said whenever good news is shared -- a promotion, an exam result, an engagement. The verb carries a warm, communal feel that 'distribute' in English lacks.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often reach for शेयर करना (sheyar karnaa) under English influence; बाँटना (baantnaa) is the natural native verb for sharing food, sweets, or belongings among people and is what a Hindi speaker actually says. 2) The people receiving the share are marked with को (ko), e.g. बच्चों को मिठाई बाँटी (bachchon ko mithaaii baantii, distributed sweets to the children) -- the thing given stays unmarked as the direct object.
Sample Sentences:
दिवाली पर हम सब मिलकर मिठाई बाँटते हैं।
On Diwali, we all get together and distribute sweets.
(divaalii par ham sab milkar mithaaii baantte hain।)
उसने अपनी प्रमोशन की खुशी में पूरे ऑफिस में मिठाई बाँटी।
He distributed sweets throughout the office to celebrate his promotion.
(usne apnii pramoshan kii khushii men poore ophis men mithaaii baantii।)
बच्चे इस समय गरीबों में कंबल बाँट रहे हैं।
The children are distributing blankets to the poor right now.
(bachche is samay gariibon men kambal baant rahe hain।)
कृपया ये पर्चे सबको बाँट दो।
Please distribute these flyers to everyone.
(kripyaa ye parche sabko baant do।)
सरकार ने बाढ़ पीड़ितों में राशन बाँटा।
The government distributed rations to the flood victims.
(sarkaar ne baadh piiditon men raashan baantaa।)
स्कूल में हर साल गरीब बच्चों को किताबें बाँटी जाती हैं।
Every year, books are distributed to poor children at school.
(skool men har saal gariib bachchon ko kitaaben baantii jaatii hain।)
काश हम भी अपनी खुशियाँ इतने खुले दिल से बाँट पाते।
If only we too could share our joys so open-heartedly.
(kaash ham bhii apnii khushiyaan itne khule dil se baant paate।)
अगर उसकी शादी तय हो जाती, तो वह सबको लड्डू बाँटता।
If his marriage had been fixed, he would have distributed laddoos to everyone.
(agar uskii shaadii tay ho jaatii, to vah sabko laddoo baanttaa।)
अध्यक्ष महोदय ने विजेताओं को पुरस्कार बाँटे।
The chairman distributed the prizes to the winners.
(adhyaksh mahoday ne vijetaaon ko puraskaar baante।)
मुझे उम्मीद है कि वह अपनी सफलता का श्रेय सबमें बाँटे।
I hope that he shares the credit for his success with everyone.
(mujhe ummiid hai ki vah apnii saphaltaa kaa shrey sabmen baante।)
परीक्षा का रिज़ल्ट आने पर वह पूरे मोहल्ले में मिठाई बाँटेगा।
When the exam result comes, he will distribute sweets throughout the neighborhood.
(pariikshaa kaa rizalt aane par vah poore mohalle men mithaaii baantegaa।)
Sense
2
:
to divide (into parts)
verb, transitive Used for splitting a whole into portions, whether physical (a cake), abstract (work, time), or mathematical (numbers).
Synonyms: विभाजित करना (vibhaajit karnaa, formal), भाग करना (bhaag karnaa, mainly arithmetic)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: काम बाँटना (kaam baantnaa, to divide up work) is a common phrase in households and offices alike -- Hindi speakers naturally think of shared tasks as something you 'divide out' among people, echoing the distributive sense of this same verb.
Common Mistakes: 1) In arithmetic contexts (division of numbers), भाग देना (bhaag denaa) or भाग करना (bhaag karnaa) is often preferred over बाँटना (baantnaa) in school settings, though बाँटना (baantnaa) is still heard colloquially, e.g. दस को दो से बाँटो (das ko do se baanto, divide ten by two).
Sample Sentences:
पहले इस केक को चार बराबर हिस्सों में बाँटो।
First divide this cake into four equal parts.
(pahle is kek ko chaar baraabar hisson men baanto।)
हमें यह ज़मीन दो टुकड़ों में बाँटनी होगी।
We will have to divide this land into two pieces.
(hamen yah zamiin do tukdon men baantnii hogii।)
ऑफिस में हम काम बाँट लेते हैं ताकि सबका बोझ कम हो जाए।
At the office we divide up the work so that everyone's load is reduced.
(ophis men ham kaam baant lete hain taaki sabkaa bojh kam ho jaae।)
अध्यापक ने पूरी किताब को पाँच अध्यायों में बाँटा था।
The teacher had divided the whole book into five chapters.
(adhyaapak ne poorii kitaab ko paanch adhyaayon men baantaa thaa।)
देश को राज्यों में बाँटा गया है।
The country has been divided into states.
(desh ko raajyon men baantaa gayaa hai।)
अगर समय कम होता तो हम काम को इस तरह बाँट देते।
If time had been short, we would have divided the work this way.
(agar samay kam hotaa to ham kaam ko is tarah baant dete।)
क्या तुम यह ज़िम्मेदारी दो हिस्सों में बाँट सकते हो?
Can you divide this responsibility into two parts?
(kyaa tum yah zimmedaarii do hisson men baant sakte ho?)
सरकार चाहती है कि बड़े फ़ार्म को छोटे-छोटे खेतों में बाँटा जाए।
The government wants the large farm to be divided into small fields.
(sarkaar chaahtii hai ki bade faarm ko chhote-chhote kheton men baantaa jaae।)
वह अपनी संपत्ति बच्चों में बराबर बाँट रहा है।
He is dividing his property equally among his children.
(vah apnii sampatti bachchon men baraabar baant rahaa hai।)
प्रबंधक ने प्रोजेक्ट को तीन चरणों में बाँट दिया।
The manager divided the project into three phases.
(prabandhak ne projekt ko tiin charnon men baant diyaa।)
समय और स्थान को यूँ बाँटा नहीं जा सकता, यह तो एक अखंड प्रवाह है।
Time and space cannot be divided like this; it is an unbroken flow.
(samay aur sthaan ko yoon baantaa nahiin jaa saktaa, yah to ek akhand pravaah hai।)
Morphology
Verb
infinitive:
बाँटना
(baantnaa)
infinitive oblique:
बाँटने
(baantne)
habitual/simple (sg.m):
बाँटता
(baanttaa)
habitual/simple (pl.m):
बाँटते
(baantte)
habitual/simple (sg.f):
बाँटती
(baanttii)
habitual/simple (pl.f):
बाँटतीं
(baanttiin)
continuous (sg.m):
बाँट रहा
(baant rahaa)
continuous (pl.m):
बाँट रहे
(baant rahe)
continuous (sg.f):
बाँट रही
(baant rahii)
continuous (pl.f):
बाँट रहीं
(baant rahiin)
perfective (sg.m):
बाँटा
(baantaa)
perfective (pl.m):
बाँटे
(baante)
perfective (sg.f):
बाँटी
(baantii)
perfective (pl.f):
बाँटीं
(baantiin)
imperative (informal):
बाँट
(baant)
imperative (neutral):
बाँटो
(baanto)
imperative (formal):
बाँटिए
(baantie)
future (1sg.m):
बाँटूँगा
(baantoongaa)
future (1sg.f):
बाँटूँगी
(baantoongii)
future (1pl.m):
बाँटेंगे
(baantenge)
future (1pl.f):
बाँटेंगी
(baantengii)
future (2sg.m):
बाँटेगा
(baantegaa)
future (2sg.f):
बाँटेगी
(baantegii)
future (2pl.m):
बाँटोगे
(baantoge)
future (2pl.f):
बाँटोगी
(baantogii)
future (3sg.m):
बाँटेगा
(baantegaa)
future (3sg.f):
बाँटेगी
(baantegii)
future (3pl.m):
बाँटेंगे
(baantenge)
future (3pl.f):
बाँटेंगी
(baantengii)
subjunctive (1sg):
बाँटूँ
(baantoon)
subjunctive (1pl):
बाँटें
(baanten)
subjunctive (2sg):
बाँटे
(baante)
subjunctive (2pl):
बाँटो
(baanto)
subjunctive (3sg):
बाँटे
(baante)
subjunctive (3pl):
बाँटें
(baanten)