छपना (chhapnaa)
verb
An intransitive verb meaning 'to be printed / to be published' -- used for books, newspapers, photos, and designs going into print. Closely related to the transitive छापना (chhaapnaa, 'to print'), which is a separate lemma; छपना (chhapnaa) is what happens to the thing being printed, not what the printer does.
Sense
1
:
to be printed, to be published
verb, intransitive
Synonyms: प्रकाशित होना (prakaashit honaa, formal, 'used for books/articles specifically')
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: Newspaper readers in India say things like "आज अख़बार में मेरी तस्वीर छपी" (aaj akhbaar men merii tasviir chhapii, 'my photo was printed in the paper today') with real pride -- getting छपना (chhapnaa) in print, especially in a local paper, is still a small social event in many families.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often reach for छापना (chhaapnaa) when they mean this word: use छपना (chhapnaa) when the subject is the book/article/photo itself ("किताब छपी" (kitaab chhapii, 'the book got printed')), and छापना (chhaapnaa) only when a person or press is the one doing the printing. 2) Because it is intransitive, it never takes ने (ne) marking on its subject, unlike its transitive partner छापना (chhaapnaa).
Sample Sentences:
आज अख़बार में मेरी तस्वीर छपी है।
My photo has been printed in the newspaper today.
(aaj akhbaar men merii tasviir chhapii hai।)
उसकी कहानी पिछले हफ़्ते एक पत्रिका में छपी थी।
Her story was published in a magazine last week.
(uskii kahaanii pichhle hafte ek patrikaa men chhapii thii।)
यह किताब अगले महीने छपेगी।
This book will be published next month.
(yah kitaab agle mahiine chhapegii।)
हर रोज़ इस अख़बार में नई ख़बरें छपती हैं।
New news items get printed in this newspaper every day.
(har roz is akhbaar men naii khabren chhaptii hain।)
प्रिंटिंग प्रेस में इस वक़्त उसका उपन्यास छप रहा है।
His novel is being printed at the press right now.
(printing pres men is vaqt uskaa upanyaas chhap rahaa hai।)
काश मेरा लेख भी किसी बड़े अख़बार में छपता।
I wish my article had also been published in some big newspaper.
(kaash meraa lekh bhii kisii bade akhbaar men chhaptaa।)
अगर तुम मेहनत करते तो तुम्हारी कविता ज़रूर छपती।
If you had worked hard, your poem would surely have been published.
(agar tum mehnat karte to tumhaarii kavitaa zaroor chhaptii।)
संपादक चाहता है कि यह विज्ञापन कल छपे।
The editor wants this advertisement to be printed tomorrow.
(sampaadak chaahtaa hai ki yah vigyaapan kal chhape।)
यह रिपोर्ट बिना संपादक की मंज़ूरी के नहीं छपी जा सकती।
This report cannot be published without the editor's approval.
(yah riport binaa sampaadak kii manzoorii ke nahiin chhapii jaa saktii।)
जब तक यह पुस्तक न छप जाए, हमें इंतज़ार करना होगा।
Until this book is published, we will have to wait.
(jab tak yah pustak n chhap jaae, hamen intzaar karnaa hogaa।)
इस देश में हर साल हज़ारों किताबें छपती हैं, मगर कम ही पढ़ी जाती हैं।
Thousands of books are printed in this country every year, but few of them are actually read.
(is desh men har saal hazaaron kitaaben chhaptii hain, magar kam hii padhii jaatii hain।)
Sense
2
:
to be imprinted, stamped, or patterned (on fabric, skin, etc.)
verb, intransitive
Synonyms: उभरना (ubharnaa, 'used more for marks/impressions surfacing')
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: Think of block-printed fabric at a Rajasthani market: the design is described as छपना (chhapnaa) onto the cloth, e.g. "साड़ी पर फूल छपे हैं" (saadii par phool chhape hain, 'flowers are printed on the sari'). The same verb extends naturally to a mark left on skin or memory, like a scar or a lasting impression.
Sample Sentences:
साड़ी पर फूल छपे हैं।
Flowers are printed on the sari.
(saadii par phool chhape hain।)
इस कपड़े पर बहुत सुंदर डिज़ाइन छपा है।
A very beautiful design is printed on this fabric.
(is kapde par bahut sundar dizaain chhapaa hai।)
दुपट्टे पर बूटियाँ हाथ से छपी थीं।
Small motifs were hand-printed on the scarf.
(dupatte par bootiyaan haath se chhapii thiin।)
जब चोट लगी थी, तो उसके घुटने पर निशान छप गया।
When he got hurt, a mark got imprinted on his knee.
(jab chot lagii thii, to uske ghutne par nishaan chhap gayaa।)
उसकी बातें मेरे दिल पर हमेशा के लिए छप गईं।
Her words got imprinted on my heart forever.
(uskii baaten mere dil par hameshaa ke lie chhap gaiin।)
जयपुर में हाथ से कपड़ों पर पैटर्न कैसे छपते हैं, यह देखना दिलचस्प है।
It's interesting to watch how patterns get block-printed onto fabric by hand in Jaipur.
(jaypur men haath se kapdon par paitarn kaise chhapte hain, yah dekhnaa dilchasp hai।)
अगर रंग पक्का न हो, तो डिज़ाइन ठीक से नहीं छपेगा।
If the dye isn't fast, the design won't get printed properly.
(agar rang pakkaa n ho, to dizaain thiik se nahiin chhapegaa।)
काश उसके चेहरे पर वह मुस्कान हमेशा छपी रहती।
If only that smile had stayed imprinted on her face forever.
(kaash uske chehre par vah muskaan hameshaa chhapii rahtii।)
इस मशीन से लकड़ी की छाप कपड़े पर छपे, यही तरीका पुराना माना जाता है।
That the wooden block's imprint gets stamped onto the cloth by this machine -- this method is considered old.
(is mashiin se lakdii kii chhaap kapde par chhape, yahii tariikaa puraanaa maanaa jaataa hai।)
Morphology
Verb
infinitive:
छपना
(chhapnaa)
infinitive oblique:
छपने
(chhapne)
habitual/simple (sg.m):
छपता
(chhaptaa)
habitual/simple (pl.m):
छपते
(chhapte)
habitual/simple (sg.f):
छपती
(chhaptii)
habitual/simple (pl.f):
छपतीं
(chhaptiin)
continuous (sg.m):
छप रहा
(chhap rahaa)
continuous (pl.m):
छप रहे
(chhap rahe)
continuous (sg.f):
छप रही
(chhap rahii)
continuous (pl.f):
छप रहीं
(chhap rahiin)
perfective (sg.m):
छपा
(chhapaa)
perfective (pl.m):
छपे
(chhape)
perfective (sg.f):
छपी
(chhapii)
perfective (pl.f):
छपीं
(chhapiin)
imperative (informal):
छप
(chhap)
imperative (neutral):
छपो
(chhapo)
imperative (formal):
छपिए
(chhapie)
future (1sg.m):
छपूँगा
(chhapoongaa)
future (1sg.f):
छपूँगी
(chhapoongii)
future (1pl.m):
छपेंगे
(chhapenge)
future (1pl.f):
छपेंगी
(chhapengii)
future (2sg.m):
छपेगा
(chhapegaa)
future (2sg.f):
छपेगी
(chhapegii)
future (2pl.m):
छपोगे
(chhapoge)
future (2pl.f):
छपोगी
(chhapogii)
future (3sg.m):
छपेगा
(chhapegaa)
future (3sg.f):
छपेगी
(chhapegii)
future (3pl.m):
छपेंगे
(chhapenge)
future (3pl.f):
छपेंगी
(chhapengii)
subjunctive (1sg):
छपूँ
(chhapoon)
subjunctive (1pl):
छपें
(chhapen)
subjunctive (2sg):
छपे
(chhape)
subjunctive (2pl):
छपो
(chhapo)
subjunctive (3sg):
छपे
(chhape)
subjunctive (3pl):
छपें
(chhapen)