सुधरना (sudharnaa)
verb
An intransitive verb meaning 'to improve, to reform, to get better' -- used for people's character/behavior, situations, health, or conditions. Its transitive partner, meaning 'to fix/reform something,' is सुधारना (sudhaarnaa), a separate lemma.
Sense
1
:
to improve, get better (situation, condition, health)
verb, intransitive
Synonyms: बेहतर होना (behtar honaa), ठीक होना (thiik honaa)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: This is the verb every worried parent or teacher uses about a child who needs to shape up: वह अब सुधर गया है (vah ab sudhar gayaa hai, 'he's reformed now') is a classic line in family dramas. It pairs constantly with जाना (jaanaa) as a compound -- सुधर जाना (sudhar jaanaa) -- to add a sense of completed change, 'to turn over a new leaf.'
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often reach for सुधारना (sudhaarnaa) when they mean सुधरना (sudharnaa) -- if the subject itself is getting better (not fixing something else), use सुधरना (sudharnaa): हालात सुधर गए (haalaat sudhar gae, 'the situation improved'), not हालात ने सुधारा। 2) With ने-marking: सुधरना (sudharnaa) is intransitive, so the subject never takes ने (ne) even in the perfective -- वह सुधर गया (vah sudhar gayaa, 'he reformed'), never उसने सुधरा।
Sample Sentences:
मौसम में सुधार हो रहा है, अब हालात सुधर रहे हैं।
The weather is improving, conditions are getting better now.
(mausam men sudhaar ho rahaa hai, ab haalaat sudhar rahe hain।)
दवाई लेने के बाद उसकी तबीयत सुधर गई।
After taking the medicine, her health improved.
(davaaii lene ke baad uskii tabiiyat sudhar gaii।)
उम्मीद है कि हालात जल्दी सुधर जाएँगे।
Hopefully the situation will improve soon.
(ummiid hai ki haalaat jaldii sudhar jaaenge।)
अगर बारिश हो जाती तो फसल की हालत सुधर जाती।
If it had rained, the crop's condition would have improved.
(agar baarish ho jaatii to phasal kii haalat sudhar jaatii।)
अर्थव्यवस्था धीरे-धीरे सुधरती रहती है।
The economy keeps improving gradually.
(arthavyvasthaa dhiire-dhiire sudhartii rahtii hai।)
डॉक्टर ने कहा कि मरीज़ की हालत सुधरनी चाहिए।
The doctor said that the patient's condition should improve.
(doktar ne kahaa ki mariiz kii haalat sudharnii chaahie।)
सड़कों की हालत आजकल काफी सुधरी है।
The condition of the roads has improved quite a bit these days.
(sadkon kii haalat aajkal kaaphii sudhrii hai।)
काश हालात इतनी जल्दी सुधर पाते।
If only the situation could have improved this quickly.
(kaash haalaat itnii jaldii sudhar paate।)
पिछले हफ्ते से बाज़ार का रुख सुधरने लगा है।
Since last week, the market's trend has started to improve.
(pichhle haphte se baazaar kaa rukh sudharne lagaa hai।)
अगर नई नीतियाँ लागू की जाएँ तो हालात सुधर सकते हैं।
If new policies are implemented, the situation could improve.
(agar naii niitiyaan laagoo kii jaaen to haalaat sudhar sakte hain।)
उसकी हालत इतनी सुधर चुकी है कि वह अब चल-फिर सकता है।
His condition has improved so much that he can now walk around.
(uskii haalat itnii sudhar chukii hai ki vah ab chal-phir saktaa hai।)
Sense
2
:
to reform, mend one's ways (of character/behavior)
verb, intransitive
Synonyms: रास्ते पर आना (raaste par aanaa, idiom)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: Used of a person's character rather than external circumstances, this sense carries a moral tone -- a reformed rogue, a disciplined student. Elders often say अब भी सुधर जाओ (ab bhii sudhar jaao, 'reform yourself even now') as a mix of warning and hope, which captures how central this verb is to Hindi scoldings.
Sample Sentences:
अब भी सुधर जाओ, वरना पछताओगे।
Reform yourself even now, or you'll regret it.
(ab bhii sudhar jaao, varnaa pachhtaaoge।)
वह जेल जाने के बाद पूरी तरह सुधर गया।
He completely reformed after going to jail.
(vah jel jaane ke baad poorii tarah sudhar gayaa।)
मुझे उम्मीद है कि वह लड़का जल्दी सुधर जाएगा।
I hope that boy will reform soon.
(mujhe ummiid hai ki vah ladkaa jaldii sudhar jaaegaa।)
अगर वह अभी सुधर जाता, तो उसकी जिंदगी कुछ और होती।
If he had reformed by now, his life would have been something else.
(agar vah abhii sudhar jaataa, to uskii jindgii kuchh aur hotii।)
बड़े कहते हैं कि गलत लोगों की सोहबत छोड़ने से आदमी सुधर सकता है।
Elders say that a man can reform by leaving the company of bad people.
(bade kahte hain ki galat logon kii sohbat chhodne se aadmii sudhar saktaa hai।)
क्या तुम कभी सुधरोगे या ऐसे ही चलता रहेगा?
Will you ever reform, or will it just keep going on like this?
(kyaa tum kabhii sudhroge yaa aise hii chaltaa rahegaa?)
यह लड़का बचपन से ही ऐसा है, यह कभी नहीं सुधरेगा।
This boy has been like this since childhood, he'll never reform.
(yah ladkaa bachpan se hii aisaa hai, yah kabhii nahiin sudhregaa।)
बुरी आदतों में पड़े व्यक्ति के सुधरने की संभावना कम होती है।
The likelihood of a person caught in bad habits reforming is low.
(burii aadton men pade vyakti ke sudharne kii sambhaavnaa kam hotii hai।)
काश वह पहले ही सुधर गया होता।
If only he had reformed earlier.
(kaash vah pahle hii sudhar gayaa hotaa।)
माँ हमेशा कहती थी कि एक दिन मैं जरूर सुधर जाऊँगा।
Mother always used to say that one day I would surely reform.
(maan hameshaa kahtii thii ki ek din main jaroor sudhar jaaoongaa।)
सुधरने के लिए सबसे पहले अपनी गलती माननी पड़ती है।
To reform, one must first admit one's own mistake.
(sudharne ke lie sabse pahle apnii galtii maannii padtii hai।)
Morphology
Verb
infinitive:
सुधरना
(sudharnaa)
infinitive oblique:
सुधरने
(sudharne)
habitual/simple (sg.m):
सुधरता
(sudhartaa)
habitual/simple (pl.m):
सुधरते
(sudharte)
habitual/simple (sg.f):
सुधरती
(sudhartii)
habitual/simple (pl.f):
सुधरतीं
(sudhartiin)
continuous (sg.m):
सुधर रहा
(sudhar rahaa)
continuous (pl.m):
सुधर रहे
(sudhar rahe)
continuous (sg.f):
सुधर रही
(sudhar rahii)
continuous (pl.f):
सुधर रहीं
(sudhar rahiin)
perfective (sg.m):
सुधरा
(sudhraa)
perfective (pl.m):
सुधरे
(sudhre)
perfective (sg.f):
सुधरी
(sudhrii)
perfective (pl.f):
सुधरीं
(sudhriin)
imperative (informal):
सुधर
(sudhar)
imperative (neutral):
सुधरो
(sudhro)
imperative (formal):
सुधरिए
(sudhrie)
future (1sg.m):
सुधरूँगा
(sudhroongaa)
future (1sg.f):
सुधरूँगी
(sudhroongii)
future (1pl.m):
सुधरेंगे
(sudhrenge)
future (1pl.f):
सुधरेंगी
(sudhrengii)
future (2sg.m):
सुधरेगा
(sudhregaa)
future (2sg.f):
सुधरेगी
(sudhregii)
future (2pl.m):
सुधरोगे
(sudhroge)
future (2pl.f):
सुधरोगी
(sudhrogii)
future (3sg.m):
सुधरेगा
(sudhregaa)
future (3sg.f):
सुधरेगी
(sudhregii)
future (3pl.m):
सुधरेंगे
(sudhrenge)
future (3pl.f):
सुधरेंगी
(sudhrengii)
subjunctive (1sg):
सुधरूँ
(sudhroon)
subjunctive (1pl):
सुधरें
(sudhren)
subjunctive (2sg):
सुधरे
(sudhre)
subjunctive (2pl):
सुधरो
(sudhro)
subjunctive (3sg):
सुधरे
(sudhre)
subjunctive (3pl):
सुधरें
(sudhren)