उछलना (uchhalnaa)
verb
One core sense: to jump/leap/bounce, used for people, animals, and objects, and extended figuratively to things like prices or emotions 'jumping up.'
Sense
1
:
to jump, leap, bounce
verb, intransitive
Synonyms: कूदना (koodnaa)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: You will hear this used very physically -- a child उछलना (uchhalnaa, 'jumping') on a bed, a ball bouncing on the road -- but also emotionally, as in दिल उछल पड़ा (dil uchhal padaa, 'the heart leapt'), which mirrors the English idiom of a heart leaping with joy or fright.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes confuse this with कूदना (koodnaa); उछलना (uchhalnaa) leans more toward a sudden, springy, often involuntary bounce (like a ball or a startled body), while कूदना (koodnaa) is the more general, deliberate act of jumping (like jumping over a wall or into water). 2) As an intransitive verb, it does not take ने (ne) in the perfective -- learners who over-apply the ने-rule to any past-tense action verb sometimes add it here by mistake.
Sample Sentences:
बच्चे बिस्तर पर उछल रहे हैं।
The children are jumping on the bed.
(bachche bistar par uchhal rahe hain।)
गेंद सड़क पर उछल कर नाली में चली गई।
The ball bounced on the road and rolled into the drain.
(gend sadak par uchhal kar naalii men chalii gaii।)
यह खबर सुनकर मेरा दिल उछल पड़ा।
Hearing this news, my heart leapt.
(yah khabar sunkar meraa dil uchhal padaa।)
इतना मत उछलो, नीचे वाले परेशान हो जाएँगे।
Don't jump around so much, the people downstairs will get annoyed.
(itnaa mat uchhlo, niiche vaale pareshaan ho jaaenge।)
अगर तुम इतना उछलते तो पैर में चोट लग सकती थी।
If you had jumped around this much, you could have hurt your leg.
(agar tum itnaa uchhalte to pair men chot lag saktii thii।)
बकरी का बच्चा खेत में उछलता-कूदता रहता है।
The baby goat keeps jumping and hopping around in the field.
(bakrii kaa bachchaa khet men uchhaltaa-koodtaa rahtaa hai।)
अचानक आवाज़ सुनकर बिल्ली उछल गई।
Hearing the sudden noise, the cat leapt up.
(achaanak aavaaz sunkar billii uchhal gaii।)
शायद वह खुशी में उछल पड़े जब उसे यह तोहफ़ा मिलेगा।
He might leap with joy when he gets this gift.
(shaayad vah khushii men uchhal pade jab use yah tohfaa milegaa।)
पानी में पत्थर फेंकते ही मछलियाँ उछलने लगीं।
As soon as the stone was thrown into the water, the fish started jumping.
(paanii men patthar phenkte hii machhliyaan uchhalne lagiin।)
जब भी वह जीतता है, पूरी टीम खुशी से उछल उठती है।
Whenever he wins, the whole team jumps up with joy.
(jab bhii vah jiittaa hai, poorii tiim khushii se uchhal uthtii hai।)
डर के मारे वह अपनी जगह से उछल गया।
Out of fear, he jumped up from his seat.
(dar ke maare vah apnii jagah se uchhal gayaa।)
Sense
2
:
to shoot up, spike suddenly (prices, values, figures)
verb, intransitive
Synonyms: बढ़ना (badhnaa, general rise, less sudden)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: This is the word you will hear on the news or in the sabzi mandi (sabzii mandii, 'vegetable market') when prices suddenly jump -- दाम उछल गए (daam uchhal gae, 'the prices shot up') -- capturing the same springy, sudden-jerk quality as the physical sense, just applied to numbers.
Sample Sentences:
टमाटर के दाम अचानक उछल गए।
Tomato prices suddenly shot up.
(tamaatar ke daam achaanak uchhal gae।)
पेट्रोल के दाम हर महीने उछलते हैं।
Petrol prices spike every month.
(petrol ke daam har mahiine uchhalte hain।)
शेयर बाज़ार में आज कंपनी के शेयर उछल रहे हैं।
The company's shares are shooting up in the stock market today.
(sheyar baazaar men aaj kampnii ke sheyar uchhal rahe hain।)
अगर सरकार टैक्स बढ़ाएगी तो दाम फिर उछलेंगे।
If the government raises taxes, prices will spike again.
(agar sarkaar taiks badhaaegii to daam phir uchhlenge।)
सब्ज़ी मंडी में प्याज़ के दाम उछल गए हैं।
Onion prices have shot up in the vegetable market.
(sabzii mandii men pyaaz ke daam uchhal gae hain।)
अगर मानसून कमज़ोर रहता तो दालों के दाम और उछलते।
If the monsoon had been weak, lentil prices would have spiked even more.
(agar maansoon kamzor rahtaa to daalon ke daam aur uchhalte।)
कंपनी के नतीजों के बाद उसके शेयर उछल सकते हैं।
The company's shares might spike after the results.
(kampnii ke natiijon ke baad uske sheyar uchhal sakte hain।)
पिछले साल सोने के दाम बहुत उछले थे।
Gold prices had spiked a lot last year.
(pichhle saal sone ke daam bahut uchhle the।)
युद्ध की खबर से तेल के दाम उछल गए।
Oil prices spiked on the news of war.
(yuddh kii khabar se tel ke daam uchhal gae।)
त्योहारों के मौसम में हर चीज़ के दाम उछल जाते हैं।
Prices of everything shoot up during the festival season.
(tyohaaron ke mausam men har chiiz ke daam uchhal jaate hain।)
Morphology
Verb
infinitive:
उछलना
(uchhalnaa)
infinitive oblique:
उछलने
(uchhalne)
habitual/simple (sg.m):
उछलता
(uchhaltaa)
habitual/simple (pl.m):
उछलते
(uchhalte)
habitual/simple (sg.f):
उछलती
(uchhaltii)
habitual/simple (pl.f):
उछलतीं
(uchhaltiin)
continuous (sg.m):
उछल रहा
(uchhal rahaa)
continuous (pl.m):
उछल रहे
(uchhal rahe)
continuous (sg.f):
उछल रही
(uchhal rahii)
continuous (pl.f):
उछल रहीं
(uchhal rahiin)
perfective (sg.m):
उछला
(uchhlaa)
perfective (pl.m):
उछले
(uchhle)
perfective (sg.f):
उछली
(uchhlii)
perfective (pl.f):
उछलीं
(uchhliin)
imperative (informal):
उछल
(uchhal)
imperative (neutral):
उछलो
(uchhlo)
imperative (formal):
उछलिए
(uchhlie)
future (1sg.m):
उछलूँगा
(uchhloongaa)
future (1sg.f):
उछलूँगी
(uchhloongii)
future (1pl.m):
उछलेंगे
(uchhlenge)
future (1pl.f):
उछलेंगी
(uchhlengii)
future (2sg.m):
उछलेगा
(uchhlegaa)
future (2sg.f):
उछलेगी
(uchhlegii)
future (2pl.m):
उछलोगे
(uchhloge)
future (2pl.f):
उछलोगी
(uchhlogii)
future (3sg.m):
उछलेगा
(uchhlegaa)
future (3sg.f):
उछलेगी
(uchhlegii)
future (3pl.m):
उछलेंगे
(uchhlenge)
future (3pl.f):
उछलेंगी
(uchhlengii)
subjunctive (1sg):
उछलूँ
(uchhloon)
subjunctive (1pl):
उछलें
(uchhlen)
subjunctive (2sg):
उछले
(uchhle)
subjunctive (2pl):
उछलो
(uchhlo)
subjunctive (3sg):
उछले
(uchhle)
subjunctive (3pl):
उछलें
(uchhlen)