पीसना (piisnaa)

verb A physical-action verb meaning to grind or crush -- most at home in the kitchen (grinding masala, dal, or atta) but also used figuratively for grueling, repetitive effort. Inline Hindi as Devanagari (piisnaa)
Sense 1 : to grind or crush (spices, grain, etc.)
verb, transitive
Synonyms: कुचलना (kuchalnaa, to crush), दरदरा करना (daradraa karnaa, to coarsely grind)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: Think of the sound of a mixer-grinder running in an Indian kitchen every morning -- मसाला पीसना (masaalaa piisnaa) and दाल पीसना (daal piisnaa) are everyday phrases. Older generations still talk fondly of सिलबट्टे पर पीसना (silbatte par piisnaa), grinding on a stone slab, as tastier than anything a machine can do.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often reach for कुचलना (kuchalnaa) when they mean पीसना (piisnaa) -- कुचलना (kuchalnaa) is more about crushing something underfoot or by force (like an insect or a can), while पीसना (piisnaa) is specifically the grinding-into-powder/paste action done with a grinder, mortar, or stone.
Sample Sentences:
माँ सुबह-सुबह मसाला पीसती है। Mother grinds the spices early in the morning.
(maan subah-subah masaalaa piistii hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
वह मिक्सर में दाल पीस रही है। She is grinding the lentils in the mixer.
(vah miksar men daal piis rahii hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
नानी ने सिलबट्टे पर हरी चटनी पीसी थी। Grandmother had ground the green chutney on the stone slab.
(naanii ne silbatte par harii chatnii piisii thii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
कृपया इन मिर्चों को बारीक पीस दो। Please grind these chilies finely.
(kripyaa in mirchon ko baariik piis do।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
अगर मिक्सर खराब न होता तो मैं अभी मसाला पीस लेती। If the mixer weren't broken, I would grind the spices right now.
(agar miksar kharaab n hotaa to main abhii masaalaa piis letii।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
शायद वह गेहूँ पीसने चक्की पर गई हो। Maybe she has gone to the mill to grind the wheat.
(shaayad vah gehoon piisne chakkii par gaii ho।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
गेहूँ चक्की में पीसा जाता है। Wheat is ground in the mill.
(gehoon chakkii men piisaa jaataa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
कल तक यह मसाला पीस लिया जाएगा। This spice will be ground by tomorrow.
(kal tak yah masaalaa piis liyaa jaaegaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Passive
पुराने ज़माने में औरतें हाथ से अनाज पीसती थीं। In older times, women used to grind grain by hand.
(puraane zamaane men aurten haath se anaaj piistii thiin।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
मैं कल रात की बची हुई दाल पीस चुकी हूँ। I have already ground last night's leftover lentils.
(main kal raat kii bachii huii daal piis chukii hoon।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
वह सिलबट्टे पर मसाला पीसते हुए पुरानी यादों में खो गई। While grinding the spices on the stone slab, she got lost in old memories.
(vah silbatte par masaalaa piiste hue puraanii yaadon men kho gaii।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
Sense 2 : to grind away at, to toil or slog (figurative)
verb, transitive Often appears in the passive/impersonal frame पीसा जाना (piisaa jaanaa) to describe someone being ground down by circumstance, work, or a system.
Synonyms: मेहनत करना (mehnat karnaa, to work hard), खटना (khatnaa, to toil)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: You will hear someone describe a person stuck in a thankless job or a bad marriage as चक्की में पिसना (chakkii men pisnaa, 'to be ground in the mill') -- the imagery comes straight from the flour mill, and it is a vivid, sympathetic way of saying someone is worn down by life.
Common Mistakes: 1) This figurative sense usually shows up as दिन-रात पीसना (din-raat piisnaa, to grind away day and night) or in the passive पिसना (pisnaa) -- learners sometimes confuse this intransitive-feeling passive form with the base transitive verb; they are related but पिसना (pisnaa) is the one used for 'being ground down.'
Sample Sentences:
वह सारी उम्र चक्की में पिसती रही। She kept slogging away her whole life, ground down like in a mill.
(vah saarii umr chakkii men pistii rahii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
बेचारा दिन-रात दफ्तर में पिसता है। The poor guy slogs away in the office day and night.
(bechaaraa din-raat daphtar men pistaa hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
ससुराल में इतना पिसी कि सेहत ही खराब हो गई। She was ground down so much at her in-laws' place that her health broke down.
(sasuraal men itnaa pisii ki sehat hii kharaab ho gaii।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
अगर तुम इस नौकरी में यूँ ही पिसते रहे तो बीमार पड़ जाओगे। If you keep slogging away like this at this job, you'll fall sick.
(agar tum is naukrii men yoon hii piste rahe to biimaar pad jaaoge।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Passive
काश वह इस रिश्ते में इतना न पिसती। I wish she hadn't been ground down so much in this relationship.
(kaash vah is rishte men itnaa n pistii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Passive
अगर वह इतनी मेहनत न करता तो घर के बोझ तले पिस जाता। If he hadn't worked so hard, he would have been crushed under the family's burdens.
(agar vah itnii mehnat n kartaa to ghar ke bojh tale pis jaataa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Perfective -- Voice: Passive
आम आदमी तो हमेशा महँगाई और टैक्स के बीच पिसता रहता है। The common man is always caught grinding away between inflation and taxes.
(aam aadmii to hameshaa mahangaaii aur taiks ke biich pistaa rahtaa hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
यह मत सोचो कि सिर्फ तुम ही चक्की में पिस रहे हो, हम सब यही झेल रहे हैं। Don't think you're the only one being ground down like in a mill -- we're all going through this.
(yah mat socho ki sirph tum hii chakkii men pis rahe ho, ham sab yahii jhel rahe hain।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
गरीब मजदूर सदियों से ज़मींदारों के जुल्म में पिसते आए हैं। Poor laborers have been ground down under the tyranny of landlords for centuries.
(gariib majdoor sadiyon se zamiindaaron ke julm men piste aae hain।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
Morphology
Verb
infinitive: पीसना (piisnaa)
infinitive oblique: पीसने (piisne)
habitual/simple (sg.m): पीसता (piistaa)
habitual/simple (pl.m): पीसते (piiste)
habitual/simple (sg.f): पीसती (piistii)
habitual/simple (pl.f): पीसतीं (piistiin)
continuous (sg.m): पीस रहा (piis rahaa)
continuous (pl.m): पीस रहे (piis rahe)
continuous (sg.f): पीस रही (piis rahii)
continuous (pl.f): पीस रहीं (piis rahiin)
perfective (sg.m): पीसा (piisaa)
perfective (pl.m): पीसे (piise)
perfective (sg.f): पीसी (piisii)
perfective (pl.f): पीसीं (piisiin)
imperative (informal): पीस (piis)
imperative (neutral): पीसो (piiso)
imperative (formal): पीसिए (piisie)
future (1sg.m): पीसूँगा (piisoongaa)
future (1sg.f): पीसूँगी (piisoongii)
future (1pl.m): पीसेंगे (piisenge)
future (1pl.f): पीसेंगी (piisengii)
future (2sg.m): पीसेगा (piisegaa)
future (2sg.f): पीसेगी (piisegii)
future (2pl.m): पीसोगे (piisoge)
future (2pl.f): पीसोगी (piisogii)
future (3sg.m): पीसेगा (piisegaa)
future (3sg.f): पीसेगी (piisegii)
future (3pl.m): पीसेंगे (piisenge)
future (3pl.f): पीसेंगी (piisengii)
subjunctive (1sg): पीसूँ (piisoon)
subjunctive (1pl): पीसें (piisen)
subjunctive (2sg): पीसे (piise)
subjunctive (2pl): पीसो (piiso)
subjunctive (3sg): पीसे (piise)
subjunctive (3pl): पीसें (piisen)