कटना (katnaa)
verb
The intransitive partner of काटना (kaatnaa, 'to cut'): कटना (katnaa) describes something undergoing cutting, being cut off, or getting slashed/deducted, plus extended senses like time passing or a call getting disconnected.
Sense
1
:
to be cut / to get cut
verb, intransitive
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: This is the everyday partner of काटना (kaatnaa): whenever a subject undergoes the action of cutting rather than performing it, कटना (katnaa) is the natural verb, no passive needed.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often reach for the passive of काटना (kaatnaa) (e.g. काटा जाता है, kaataa jaataa hai) when कटना (katnaa) already does this job as a plain intransitive verb -- 'रोटी कट गई' (rotii kat gaii, 'the bread got cut') is far more natural than a passive construction.
Sample Sentences:
मेरी उंगली चाकू से कट गई।
My finger got cut by the knife.
(merii unglii chaakoo se kat gaii।)
यह कपड़ा बहुत आसानी से कट जाता है।
This cloth cuts very easily.
(yah kapdaa bahut aasaanii se kat jaataa hai।)
पेड़ की डाल आरी से कट रही है।
The tree's branch is being cut by the saw.
(ped kii daal aarii se kat rahii hai।)
देखना, कहीं तुम्हारा हाथ कट न जाए।
Watch out, your hand might get cut.
(dekhnaa, kahiin tumhaaraa haath kat n jaae।)
अगर चाकू तेज़ होता, तो यह रस्सी आसानी से कट जाती।
If the knife had been sharp, this rope would have been cut easily.
(agar chaakoo tez hotaa, to yah rassii aasaanii se kat jaatii।)
कागज़ को सीधी रेखा में काटो ताकि किनारा साफ कटे।
Cut the paper along the straight line so that the edge is cut cleanly.
(kaagaz ko siidhii rekhaa men kaato taaki kinaaraa saaph kate।)
बिजली के तार गलती से कट गए थे।
The electric wires had accidentally gotten cut.
(bijlii ke taar galtii se kat gae the।)
पत्थर की यह मूर्ति महीनों में कटकर तैयार होती है।
This stone statue takes shape by being cut over months.
(patthar kii yah moorti mahiinon men katkar taiyaar hotii hai।)
सावधान रहना, आरी से हाथ मत कटवा बैठना।
Be careful, don't end up getting your hand cut by the saw.
(saavdhaan rahnaa, aarii se haath mat katvaa baithnaa।)
जंगल में इतने पेड़ काटे गए कि पूरी पहाड़ी नंगी हो गई, और हर दिन नए पेड़ कटते रहे।
So many trees were cut down in the forest that the whole hill became bare, and new trees kept getting cut every day.
(jangal men itne ped kaate gae ki poorii pahaadii nangii ho gaii, aur har din nae ped katte rahe।)
मजदूर के हाथ में इतनी गहरी चोट लगी कि खून बहते-बहते चमड़ी भी कट गई।
The worker's hand was hurt so badly that as the blood flowed, the skin also got cut.
(majdoor ke haath men itnii gahrii chot lagii ki khoon bahte-bahte chamdii bhii kat gaii।)
Sense
2
:
to be deducted / docked (money, marks, salary)
verb, intransitive
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: You will hear this constantly around payday or exam season -- तनख्वाह कट गई (tanakhvaah kat gaii, 'the salary got docked') or नंबर कट गए (nambar kat gae, 'marks got deducted') are common office and school complaints in Delhi-NCR.
Common Mistakes: 1) With money or marks, कटना (katnaa) takes से (se) for the source: 'तनख्वाह से पैसे कट गए' (tanakhvaah se paise kat gae, 'money got deducted from the salary') -- learners sometimes try का (kaa) here instead.
Sample Sentences:
इस महीने मेरी तनख्वाह कट गई।
My salary got docked this month.
(is mahiine merii tanakhvaah kat gaii।)
देर से आने पर उसके नंबर कट गए।
His marks got deducted for coming late.
(der se aane par uske nambar kat gae।)
हर महीने मेरी सैलरी से टैक्स कटता है।
Tax gets deducted from my salary every month.
(har mahiine merii sailrii se taiks kattaa hai।)
अगर तुम छुट्टी लोगे तो पैसे कट जाएंगे।
If you take leave, money will be deducted.
(agar tum chhuttii loge to paise kat jaaenge।)
अभी खाते से पैसे कट रहे हैं।
Money is being deducted from the account right now.
(abhii khaate se paise kat rahe hain।)
अगर वह गलत जवाब देता तो उसके नंबर कट जाते।
If he had given a wrong answer, his marks would have been deducted.
(agar vah galat javaab detaa to uske nambar kat jaate।)
देर से जमा करने पर जुर्माना कट सकता है।
A fine may get deducted for submitting late.
(der se jamaa karne par jurmaanaa kat saktaa hai।)
उसकी ग्रेच्युटी से पिछला उधार कट गया था।
His previous loan had been deducted from his gratuity.
(uskii grechyutii se pichhlaa udhaar kat gayaa thaa।)
काश इस बार बोनस से टीडीएस न कटता।
I wish TDS hadn't been deducted from the bonus this time.
(kaash is baar bonas se tiidiies n kattaa।)
कंपनी के नियमों के अनुसार अनुपस्थिति के लिए वेतन काटा जाता है।
According to company rules, salary is deducted for absence.
(kampnii ke niymon ke anusaar anupasthiti ke lie vetan kaataa jaataa hai।)
इतना ध्यान रखो कि नंबर न कटें।
Be careful enough that marks don't get deducted.
(itnaa dhyaan rakho ki nambar n katen।)
Sense
3
:
(of time) to pass, to be spent
verb, intransitive
Synonyms: गुज़रना (guzarnaa), बीतना (biitnaa)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: दिन कट गया (din kat gayaa, 'the day got through') carries a slight sense of endurance or getting by, unlike the more neutral बीतना (biitnaa) -- Hindi often frames a hard day as something 'cut through' rather than simply 'passing.'
Sample Sentences:
आज दिन बड़ी मुश्किल से कटा।
Today the day passed with great difficulty.
(aaj din badii mushkil se kataa।)
उसके बिना समय नहीं कटता।
Time doesn't pass without him.
(uske binaa samay nahiin kattaa।)
जेल में उसके दिन बड़ी मुश्किल से कट रहे हैं।
His days in jail are passing with great difficulty.
(jel men uske din badii mushkil se kat rahe hain।)
कैसे भी हो, यह हफ्ता कट जाएगा।
Somehow or other, this week will pass.
(kaise bhii ho, yah haphtaa kat jaaegaa।)
अगर तुम साथ होते तो यह सफर आसानी से कट जाता।
If you had been with me, this journey would have passed easily.
(agar tum saath hote to yah saphar aasaanii se kat jaataa।)
बुढ़ापे में सारा वक्त अकेलेपन में कटता है।
In old age, all the time passes in loneliness.
(budhaape men saaraa vakt akelepan men kattaa hai।)
उम्मीद है कि बाकी साल भी इसी तरह शांति से कट जाए।
Hopefully the rest of the year passes just as peacefully.
(ummiid hai ki baakii saal bhii isii tarah shaanti se kat jaae।)
पहाड़ों की छुट्टियाँ पता ही नहीं चला कब कट गईं।
The mountain vacation passed before we even realized it.
(pahaadon kii chhuttiyaan pataa hii nahiin chalaa kab kat gaiin।)
उसकी पूरी जिंदगी संघर्ष में कट गई।
His entire life passed in struggle.
(uskii poorii jindgii sangharsh men kat gaii।)
इतने काम के बीच रात कैसे कटी, याद नहीं।
Amid so much work, I don't remember how the night passed.
(itne kaam ke biich raat kaise katii, yaad nahiin।)
Sense
4
:
(of a call/connection) to get cut off, disconnected
verb, intransitive
Synonyms: डिस्कनेक्ट होना (disknekt honaa, colloquial)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: This is one of the most common uses you will hear on the phone in India -- फ़ोन कट गया (fon kat gayaa) is the standard way to say a call dropped or someone hung up, often followed by एक मिनट रुको, फिर से लगाता हूँ (ek minat ruko, phir se lagaataa hoon, 'wait a minute, I will call again').
Common Mistakes: 1) फ़ोन कट गया (fon kat gayaa, 'the call got cut off') describes the call ending abruptly (dropped or hung up), not the phone breaking -- a common point of confusion for learners taking फ़ोन (fon) to mean the device itself is damaged.
Sample Sentences:
अरे, फ़ोन कट गया!
Oh, the call got disconnected!
(are, fon kat gayaa!)
एक मिनट रुको, फिर से लगाता हूँ, कॉल कट गई थी।
Wait a minute, I'll call again, the call had gotten disconnected.
(ek minat ruko, phir se lagaataa hoon, kol kat gaii thii।)
यहाँ नेटवर्क इतना खराब है कि बात करते-करते कॉल कट जाती है।
The network here is so bad that the call gets disconnected while you're talking.
(yahaan netvark itnaa kharaab hai ki baat karte-karte kol kat jaatii hai।)
अगर बीच में कॉल कट जाए, तो मुझे मैसेज कर देना।
If the call gets disconnected in the middle, message me.
(agar biich men kol kat jaae, to mujhe maisej kar denaa।)
बारिश में अक्सर लाइन कट जाती है, इसलिए बात जल्दी खत्म कर लो।
The line often gets disconnected during rain, so finish the conversation quickly.
(baarish men aksar laain kat jaatii hai, islie baat jaldii khatm kar lo।)
मैंने सोचा था कि कॉल नहीं कटेगी, पर वो अचानक कट गई।
I had thought the call wouldn't drop, but it suddenly got disconnected.
(mainne sochaa thaa ki kol nahiin kategii, par vo achaanak kat gaii।)
अगर सिग्नल कमज़ोर न होता, तो कॉल बार-बार न कटती।
If the signal weren't weak, the call wouldn't keep getting disconnected.
(agar signal kamzor n hotaa, to kol baar-baar n kattii।)
कृपया कॉल के दौरान लिफ्ट में न जाएँ, वरना लाइन कट जाएगी।
Please don't go into the lift during the call, otherwise the line will get disconnected.
(kripyaa kol ke dauraan lipht men n jaaen, varnaa laain kat jaaegii।)
क्षमा करें, आपकी बात करते समय हमारी कॉल कट गई थी।
I'm sorry, our call got disconnected while you were speaking.
(kshamaa karen, aapkii baat karte samay hamaarii kol kat gaii thii।)
जब भी वो ऑफिस से बाहर होता है, उसकी कॉल्स बीच में कट जाती हैं।
Whenever he's out of the office, his calls get cut off midway.
(jab bhii vo ophis se baahar hotaa hai, uskii kols biich men kat jaatii hain।)
Sense
5
:
to be canceled or omitted (e.g. from a list, plan, invitation)
verb, intransitive
Synonyms: हटना (hatnaa)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: You will hear this in casual planning talk -- 'उसका नाम लिस्ट से कट गया' (uskaa naam list se kat gayaa, 'his name got struck off the list') -- framing removal as something that happens to the name, echoing Hindi's broader habit of putting the affected thing in subject position.
Sample Sentences:
उसका नाम लिस्ट से कट गया
His name got struck off the list.
(uskaa naam list se kat gayaa)
मेरा नाम आमंत्रण सूची से कट गया है
My name has been removed from the invitation list.
(meraa naam aamantran soochii se kat gayaa hai)
अगर तुमने समय पर जवाब नहीं दिया, तो तुम्हारा नाम कट जाएगा
If you don't reply in time, your name will get struck off.
(agar tumne samay par javaab nahiin diyaa, to tumhaaraa naam kat jaaegaa)
पिछली बार भी उसका टूर से नाम कट गया था
Last time too his name was struck off from the tour.
(pichhlii baar bhii uskaa toor se naam kat gayaa thaa)
जब भी बजट कम होता है, कुछ न कुछ प्रोजेक्ट कट जाता है
Whenever the budget is tight, some project or the other gets scrapped.
(jab bhii bajat kam hotaa hai, kuchh n kuchh projekt kat jaataa hai)
क्या तुम्हारा नाम भी शादी की लिस्ट से कट गया?
Did your name also get removed from the wedding list?
(kyaa tumhaaraa naam bhii shaadii kii list se kat gayaa?)
देखना, कहीं मेरा नाम मीटिंग वालों की लिस्ट से न कट जाए
Watch out, my name might just get struck off the meeting list.
(dekhnaa, kahiin meraa naam miiting vaalon kii list se n kat jaae)
अगर उसने पहले बता दिया होता, तो उसका नाम कार्यक्रम से न कटता
If he had told us earlier, his name wouldn't have been struck off the program.
(agar usne pahle bataa diyaa hotaa, to uskaa naam kaaryakram se n kattaa)
समिति की बैठक में उसका प्रस्ताव एजेंडे से कट गया
In the committee meeting, his proposal was struck off the agenda.
(samiti kii baithak men uskaa prastaav ejende se kat gayaa)
उम्मीदवारों की अंतिम सूची से कई नाम कट गए हैं
Several names have been struck off the final list of candidates.
(ummiidvaaron kii antim soochii se kaii naam kat gae hain)
Morphology
Verb
infinitive:
कटना
(katnaa)
infinitive oblique:
कटने
(katne)
habitual/simple (sg.m):
कटता
(kattaa)
habitual/simple (pl.m):
कटते
(katte)
habitual/simple (sg.f):
कटती
(kattii)
habitual/simple (pl.f):
कटतीं
(kattiin)
continuous (sg.m):
कट रहा
(kat rahaa)
continuous (pl.m):
कट रहे
(kat rahe)
continuous (sg.f):
कट रही
(kat rahii)
continuous (pl.f):
कट रहीं
(kat rahiin)
perfective (sg.m):
कटा
(kataa)
perfective (pl.m):
कटे
(kate)
perfective (sg.f):
कटी
(katii)
perfective (pl.f):
कटीं
(katiin)
imperative (informal):
कट
(kat)
imperative (neutral):
कटो
(kato)
imperative (formal):
कटिए
(katie)
future (1sg.m):
कटूँगा
(katoongaa)
future (1sg.f):
कटूँगी
(katoongii)
future (1pl.m):
कटेंगे
(katenge)
future (1pl.f):
कटेंगी
(katengii)
future (2sg.m):
कटेगा
(kategaa)
future (2sg.f):
कटेगी
(kategii)
future (2pl.m):
कटोगे
(katoge)
future (2pl.f):
कटोगी
(katogii)
future (3sg.m):
कटेगा
(kategaa)
future (3sg.f):
कटेगी
(kategii)
future (3pl.m):
कटेंगे
(katenge)
future (3pl.f):
कटेंगी
(katengii)
subjunctive (1sg):
कटूँ
(katoon)
subjunctive (1pl):
कटें
(katen)
subjunctive (2sg):
कटे
(kate)
subjunctive (2pl):
कटो
(kato)
subjunctive (3sg):
कटे
(kate)
subjunctive (3pl):
कटें
(katen)