शरमाना (sharmaanaa)
verb
One core meaning here: to feel or show shyness/embarrassment, often with a blush. Closely related to the noun शर्म (sharm, 'shame/shyness').
Sense
1
:
to feel shy, to blush, to be bashful
verb, intransitive Intransitive; often used with से (se) to mark the cause or person one is shy in front of, e.g. लोगों से शरमाना (logon se sharmaanaa, 'to be shy in front of people').
Synonyms: शर्माना (sharmaanaa, variant spelling), झिझकना (jhijhaknaa, to hesitate out of shyness), सकुचाना (sakuchaanaa, literary)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: This is the word for that classic blush-and-look-away moment -- a new bahu (bahoo, daughter-in-law) being teased by relatives, or a kid shrinking behind a parent's leg when a guest asks their name, is described as शरमा रही है (sharmaa rahii hai, 'is being shy'). You will also spell it शर्माना (sharmaanaa) with the halant-र् -- both are common and completely interchangeable in speech.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes reach for डरना (darnaa, 'to fear') when they mean shy embarrassment -- शरमाना (sharmaanaa) is about bashfulness or blushing, not fear. 2) The cause of shyness is marked with से (se), not पर (par) or को (ko) -- सबके सामने शरमाना (sabke saamne sharmaanaa, 'to feel shy in front of everyone') is more natural than trying to mark the crowd with को (ko).
Sample Sentences:
नई बहू सबको देखकर शरमा रही है।
The new daughter-in-law is feeling shy seeing everyone.
(naii bahoo sabko dekhkar sharmaa rahii hai।)
बच्चा मेहमान को देखकर शरमा गया और माँ की टाँग के पीछे छिप गया।
The child got shy seeing the guest and hid behind his mother's leg.
(bachchaa mehmaan ko dekhkar sharmaa gayaa aur maan kii taang ke piichhe chhip gayaa।)
शरमाओ मत, जो कहना है खुलकर कहो।
Don't be shy, say whatever you want to say openly.
(sharmaao mat, jo kahnaa hai khulkar kaho।)
वह अक्सर तारीफ सुनकर शरमा जाती है।
She often gets shy on hearing compliments.
(vah aksar taariiph sunkar sharmaa jaatii hai।)
अगर वह इतना शरमाता नहीं, तो अपनी बात ठीक से कह पाता।
If he weren't so shy, he would have been able to say what he meant properly.
(agar vah itnaa sharmaataa nahiin, to apnii baat thiik se kah paataa।)
शादी में रिश्तेदार दुल्हन को छेड़ रहे थे और वह शरमाते हुए मुस्कुरा रही थी।
At the wedding the relatives were teasing the bride, and she was smiling while blushing.
(shaadii men rishtedaar dulhan ko chhed rahe the aur vah sharmaate hue muskuraa rahii thii।)
क्या तुम अभी भी उससे बात करते हुए शरमाओगी?
Will you still feel shy talking to him?
(kyaa tum abhii bhii usse baat karte hue sharmaaogii?)
इतने सालों बाद भी वह अपने पति के सामने शरमा जाती है।
Even after so many years, she still turns shy in front of her husband.
(itne saalon baad bhii vah apne pati ke saamne sharmaa jaatii hai।)
शायद वह कैमरे के सामने शरमा जाए, इसलिए उसे पहले से तैयार कर लो।
She might get shy in front of the camera, so prepare her beforehand.
(shaayad vah kaimre ke saamne sharmaa jaae, islie use pahle se taiyaar kar lo।)
आपसे मिलकर आपकी बेटी बहुत शरमा गई।
Your daughter became very shy on meeting you.
(aapse milkar aapkii betii bahut sharmaa gaii।)
प्रेमिका का नाम सुनते ही वह शरमा उठा।
The moment he heard his girlfriend's name, he blushed.
(premikaa kaa naam sunte hii vah sharmaa uthaa।)
Morphology
Verb
infinitive:
शरमाना
(sharmaanaa)
infinitive oblique:
शरमाने
(sharmaane)
habitual/simple (sg.m):
शरमाता
(sharmaataa)
habitual/simple (pl.m):
शरमाते
(sharmaate)
habitual/simple (sg.f):
शरमाती
(sharmaatii)
habitual/simple (pl.f):
शरमातीं
(sharmaatiin)
continuous (sg.m):
शरमा रहा
(sharmaa rahaa)
continuous (pl.m):
शरमा रहे
(sharmaa rahe)
continuous (sg.f):
शरमा रही
(sharmaa rahii)
continuous (pl.f):
शरमा रहीं
(sharmaa rahiin)
perfective (sg.m):
शरमाया
(sharmaayaa)
perfective (pl.m):
शरमाए
(sharmaae)
perfective (sg.f):
शरमाई
(sharmaaii)
perfective (pl.f):
शरमाईं
(sharmaaiin)
imperative (informal):
शरमा
(sharmaa)
imperative (neutral):
शरमाओ
(sharmaao)
imperative (formal):
शरमाइए
(sharmaaie)
future (1sg.m):
शरमाऊँगा
(sharmaaoongaa)
future (1sg.f):
शरमाऊँगी
(sharmaaoongii)
future (1pl.m):
शरमाएँगे
(sharmaaenge)
future (1pl.f):
शरमाएँगी
(sharmaaengii)
future (2sg.m):
शरमाएगा
(sharmaaegaa)
future (2sg.f):
शरमाएगी
(sharmaaegii)
future (2pl.m):
शरमाओगे
(sharmaaoge)
future (2pl.f):
शरमाओगी
(sharmaaogii)
future (3sg.m):
शरमाएगा
(sharmaaegaa)
future (3sg.f):
शरमाएगी
(sharmaaegii)
future (3pl.m):
शरमाएँगे
(sharmaaenge)
future (3pl.f):
शरमाएँगी
(sharmaaengii)
subjunctive (1sg):
शरमाऊँ
(sharmaaoon)
subjunctive (1pl):
शरमाएँ
(sharmaaen)
subjunctive (2sg):
शरमाए
(sharmaae)
subjunctive (2pl):
शरमाओ
(sharmaao)
subjunctive (3sg):
शरमाए
(sharmaae)
subjunctive (3pl):
शरमाएँ
(sharmaaen)