हराना (haraanaa)
verb
The causative-transitive verb meaning 'to defeat/beat' someone in a game, contest, or fight; built from हारना (haarnaa, 'to lose').
Sense
1
:
to defeat, beat (in a game, contest, or war)
verb, transitive
Synonyms: पराजित करना (paraajit karnaa, formal), मात देना (maat denaa)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: This is the causative of हारना (haarnaa, 'to lose') -- literally 'to cause someone to lose.' You'll hear it constantly around cricket season: भारत ने पाकिस्तान को हरा दिया (bhaarat ne paakistaan ko haraa diyaa, 'India defeated Pakistan'), often with the compound verb हरा देना (haraa denaa) to stress the completeness of the win.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes confuse हराना (haraanaa, 'to defeat') with हरना (harnaa, a literary verb meaning 'to take away, remove'), which is much rarer and not the causative partner here. 2) The person defeated takes को (ko): मैंने उसे हराया (mainne use haraayaa, 'I defeated him'), not a direct object without को in most contexts.
Sample Sentences:
भारत ने पाकिस्तान को हरा दिया।
India defeated Pakistan.
(bhaarat ne paakistaan ko haraa diyaa।)
हमारी टीम हर मैच में उन्हें हराती है।
Our team defeats them in every match.
(hamaarii tiim har maich men unhen haraatii hai।)
अगली बार हम तुम्हें ज़रूर हराएँगे।
Next time we will definitely defeat you.
(aglii baar ham tumhen zaroor haraaenge।)
वह अभी अपने प्रतिद्वंद्वी को हरा रहा है।
He is defeating his opponent right now.
(vah abhii apne pratidvandvii ko haraa rahaa hai।)
उसे हराना इतना आसान नहीं है।
It's not that easy to defeat him.
(use haraanaa itnaa aasaan nahiin hai।)
इस बार उसे हरा दो, चाहे कुछ भी हो जाए।
Defeat him this time, no matter what happens.
(is baar use haraa do, chaahe kuchh bhii ho jaae।)
काश हम फ़ाइनल में ऑस्ट्रेलिया को हरा पाते।
If only we could have defeated Australia in the final.
(kaash ham faainal men ostreliyaa ko haraa paate।)
अगर वह थोड़ी और मेहनत करता तो चैंपियन को हरा देता।
If he had worked a bit harder, he would have defeated the champion.
(agar vah thodii aur mehnat kartaa to chaimpiyan ko haraa detaa।)
भारतीय सेना ने दुश्मन को बुरी तरह हरा दिया था।
The Indian army had thoroughly defeated the enemy.
(bhaartiiy senaa ne dushman ko burii tarah haraa diyaa thaa।)
फ़ाइनल मैच में मेज़बान टीम को हरा दिया गया।
The host team was defeated in the final match.
(faainal maich men mezbaan tiim ko haraa diyaa gayaa।)
शायद इस बार कोच की नई रणनीति उन्हें हरा दे।
Perhaps the coach's new strategy will defeat them this time.
(shaayad is baar koch kii naii ranniiti unhen haraa de।)
Morphology
Verb
infinitive:
हराना
(haraanaa)
infinitive oblique:
हराने
(haraane)
habitual/simple (sg.m):
हराता
(haraataa)
habitual/simple (pl.m):
हराते
(haraate)
habitual/simple (sg.f):
हराती
(haraatii)
habitual/simple (pl.f):
हरातीं
(haraatiin)
continuous (sg.m):
हरा रहा
(haraa rahaa)
continuous (pl.m):
हरा रहे
(haraa rahe)
continuous (sg.f):
हरा रही
(haraa rahii)
continuous (pl.f):
हरा रहीं
(haraa rahiin)
perfective (sg.m):
हराया
(haraayaa)
perfective (pl.m):
हराए
(haraae)
perfective (sg.f):
हराई
(haraaii)
perfective (pl.f):
हराईं
(haraaiin)
imperative (informal):
हरा
(haraa)
imperative (neutral):
हराओ
(haraao)
imperative (formal):
हराइए
(haraaie)
future (1sg.m):
हराऊँगा
(haraaoongaa)
future (1sg.f):
हराऊँगी
(haraaoongii)
future (1pl.m):
हराएँगे
(haraaenge)
future (1pl.f):
हराएँगी
(haraaengii)
future (2sg.m):
हराएगा
(haraaegaa)
future (2sg.f):
हराएगी
(haraaegii)
future (2pl.m):
हराओगे
(haraaoge)
future (2pl.f):
हराओगी
(haraaogii)
future (3sg.m):
हराएगा
(haraaegaa)
future (3sg.f):
हराएगी
(haraaegii)
future (3pl.m):
हराएँगे
(haraaenge)
future (3pl.f):
हराएँगी
(haraaengii)
subjunctive (1sg):
हराऊँ
(haraaoon)
subjunctive (1pl):
हराएँ
(haraaen)
subjunctive (2sg):
हराए
(haraae)
subjunctive (2pl):
हराओ
(haraao)
subjunctive (3sg):
हराए
(haraae)
subjunctive (3pl):
हराएँ
(haraaen)