भूनना (bhoonnaa)

verb One core meaning: to roast, grill, or fry something dry (usually food) over direct heat, plus a figurative extension used for grilling/tormenting a person with questions or teasing. Inline Hindi as Devanagari (bhoonnaa).
Sense 1 : to roast/grill/fry (food) over direct heat
verb, transitive
Synonyms: सेकना (seknaa), तलना (talnaa, usually oil-frying rather than dry-roasting)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: Ask any Delhi household cook about the first step of a curry and they will say 'pyaaz ko bhoono' (pyaaz ko bhoono, 'saute/roast the onions') -- भूनना (bhoonnaa) is the verb for that essential dry-heat stage before liquid goes into the pot, distinct from डीप-फ्राई (diip-phraaii) style तलना (talnaa).
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often reach for तलना (talnaa) for anything fried, but भूनना (bhoonnaa) specifically means dry-roasting or roasting/sauteing with little to no oil (peanuts, spices, onions in a pan) -- swapping the two makes a native speaker picture the wrong cooking method. 2) मूँगफली भूनना (moongaphlii bhoonnaa, 'to roast peanuts') and मसाला भूनना (masaalaa bhoonnaa, 'to roast/saute spices') are the classic kitchen collocations; learners sometimes use सेकना (seknaa) here instead, which fits bread/rotis on a griddle better than spices in a kadhai.
Sample Sentences:
माँ चूल्हे पर मूँगफली भून रही हैं। Mother is roasting peanuts on the stove.
(maan choolhe par moongaphlii bhoon rahii hain।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
पहले प्याज़ को अच्छी तरह भूनो, फिर टमाटर डालना। First saute the onions well, then add the tomatoes.
(pahle pyaaz ko achchhii tarah bhoono, phir tamaatar daalnaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
सब्ज़ी बनाने से पहले मैं हमेशा मसाले भूनती हूँ। Before making the vegetable dish, I always roast the spices.
(sabzii banaane se pahle main hameshaa masaale bhoontii hoon।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
उसने पापड़ को सीधे तवे पर भून लिया। She roasted the papad directly on the griddle.
(usne paapad ko siidhe tave par bhoon liyaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
अगर मसाले सही से भुनते तो सब्ज़ी का स्वाद और बढ़ जाता। If the spices had been roasted properly, the dish's flavor would have improved even more.
(agar masaale sahii se bhunte to sabzii kaa svaad aur badh jaataa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
सर्दियों में बाज़ार में भुने हुए भुट्टे बहुत बिकते हैं। In winter, roasted corn cobs sell a lot in the market.
(sardiyon men baazaar men bhune hue bhutte bahut bikte hain।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
क्या तुम मेरे लिए थोड़ा जीरा भून सकते हो? Can you roast a little cumin for me?
(kyaa tum mere lie thodaa jiiraa bhoon sakte ho?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
रेस्टोरेंट में शेफ़ मसाले को सही तापमान पर भूनने की सलाह देता है। The chef at the restaurant advises roasting the spices at the right temperature.
(restorent men shef masaale ko sahii taapmaan par bhoonne kii salaah detaa hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
जब तक मसाला भुन नहीं जाता, तब तक पानी नहीं डालना चाहिए। One should not add water until the spice mixture is roasted.
(jab tak masaalaa bhun nahiin jaataa, tab tak paanii nahiin daalnaa chaahie।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
इस मसाले को इतना धीरे-धीरे भूना जाता है कि पूरा घर खुशबू से भर जाता है। This spice is roasted so slowly that the whole house fills with its aroma.
(is masaale ko itnaa dhiire-dhiire bhoonaa jaataa hai ki pooraa ghar khushboo se bhar jaataa hai।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
दादी कहती थीं कि मसाला भूनने में जल्दी नहीं करनी चाहिए। Grandmother used to say that one should not rush while roasting the spices.
(daadii kahtii thiin ki masaalaa bhoonne men jaldii nahiin karnii chaahie।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
Sense 2 : to grill/torment a person (with questions, teasing, or scolding)
verb, transitive
Synonyms: परेशान करना (pareshaan karnaa), तंग करना (tang karnaa)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: This is the same mental image as English 'grilling' a suspect -- Hindi just borrows the kitchen verb for interrogation-style pestering, as in 'usne mujhe sawaalon se bhoon diya' (usne mujhe savaalon se bhoon diyaa, 'he grilled me with questions'). It pairs naturally with भून डालना (bhoon daalnaa) as a compound verb for emphasis.
Common Mistakes: 1) This figurative sense only works with a human object being pestered or badgered, usually with questions or complaints -- it can't be used the way English 'roast someone' means to mock them publicly for comic effect; that's closer to मज़ाक बनाना (mazaak banaanaa).
Sample Sentences:
पुलिस ने चोर को सवालों से भून दिया। The police grilled the thief with questions.
(pulis ne chor ko savaalon se bhoon diyaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
मेरी सास मुझे रोज़ छोटी-छोटी बातों पर भूनती रहती है। My mother-in-law grills me over tiny little things every day.
(merii saas mujhe roz chhotii-chhotii baaton par bhoontii rahtii hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
बॉस मीटिंग में मुझे भून रहा था, मुझसे कुछ बोला ही नहीं गया। The boss was grilling me in the meeting, I couldn't even say anything.
(bos miiting men mujhe bhoon rahaa thaa, mujhse kuchh bolaa hii nahiin gayaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
उसे इतने सवालों से मत भूनो, वो अभी बच्चा है। Don't grill him with so many questions, he's still a child.
(use itne savaalon se mat bhoono, vo abhii bachchaa hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
अगर तुम उसे इस तरह भूनते रहे, तो वो सच में डर जाएगा। If you keep grilling him like this, he'll actually get scared.
(agar tum use is tarah bhoonte rahe, to vo sach men dar jaaegaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
अगर वो मुझसे इतने सवाल पूछता तो मैं उसे भी भून डालता। If he had asked me that many questions, I would have grilled him too.
(agar vo mujhse itne savaal poochhtaa to main use bhii bhoon daaltaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
इंटरव्यू में उन्होंने मुझे तकनीकी सवालों से भून डाला। In the interview, they thoroughly grilled me with technical questions.
(intravyoo men unhonne mujhe takniikii savaalon se bhoon daalaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
वकील ने गवाह को जिरह में इस तरह भूना कि वो घबरा गया। The lawyer grilled the witness so hard in cross-examination that he panicked.
(vakiil ne gavaah ko jirah men is tarah bhoonaa ki vo ghabraa gayaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
मुझे पता है कि रिपोर्टर मुझे अगले प्रेस कॉन्फ़्रेंस में भूनेंगे। I know the reporters will grill me at the next press conference.
(mujhe pataa hai ki riportar mujhe agle pres konfrens men bhoonenge।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
उसे इस मुद्दे पर भूना जाना चाहिए ताकि सच सामने आए। He should be grilled on this issue so that the truth comes out.
(use is mudde par bhoonaa jaanaa chaahie taaki sach saamne aae।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Passive
Morphology
Verb
infinitive: भूनना (bhoonnaa)
infinitive oblique: भूनने (bhoonne)
habitual/simple (sg.m): भूनता (bhoontaa)
habitual/simple (pl.m): भूनते (bhoonte)
habitual/simple (sg.f): भूनती (bhoontii)
habitual/simple (pl.f): भूनतीं (bhoontiin)
continuous (sg.m): भून रहा (bhoon rahaa)
continuous (pl.m): भून रहे (bhoon rahe)
continuous (sg.f): भून रही (bhoon rahii)
continuous (pl.f): भून रहीं (bhoon rahiin)
perfective (sg.m): भूना (bhoonaa)
perfective (pl.m): भूने (bhoone)
perfective (sg.f): भूनी (bhoonii)
perfective (pl.f): भूनीं (bhooniin)
imperative (informal): भून (bhoon)
imperative (neutral): भूनो (bhoono)
imperative (formal): भूनिए (bhoonie)
future (1sg.m): भूनूँगा (bhoonoongaa)
future (1sg.f): भूनूँगी (bhoonoongii)
future (1pl.m): भूनेंगे (bhoonenge)
future (1pl.f): भूनेंगी (bhoonengii)
future (2sg.m): भूनेगा (bhoonegaa)
future (2sg.f): भूनेगी (bhoonegii)
future (2pl.m): भूनोगे (bhoonoge)
future (2pl.f): भूनोगी (bhoonogii)
future (3sg.m): भूनेगा (bhoonegaa)
future (3sg.f): भूनेगी (bhoonegii)
future (3pl.m): भूनेंगे (bhoonenge)
future (3pl.f): भूनेंगी (bhoonengii)
subjunctive (1sg): भूनूँ (bhoonoon)
subjunctive (1pl): भूनें (bhoonen)
subjunctive (2sg): भूने (bhoone)
subjunctive (2pl): भूनो (bhoono)
subjunctive (3sg): भूने (bhoone)
subjunctive (3pl): भूनें (bhoonen)