बरदाश्त करना (bardaasht karnaa)
verb
A compound verb meaning 'to tolerate, bear, put up with' something unpleasant -- physical pain, bad behavior, or difficult situations. Also spelled बर्दाश्त करना (bardaasht karnaa) with the nuqta-free/nuqta variation on the second consonant; both forms are common.
Sense
1
:
to tolerate, endure, put up with
verb, transitive Takes a direct object marking the thing endured: बरदाश्त करना (bardaasht karnaa) + noun/nahin + can, e.g. दर्द बरदाश्त करना (dard bardaasht karnaa, 'to bear pain'). Very frequently used in the negative with नहीं (nahiin) to express a limit being reached.
Synonyms: सहना (sahnaa), सहन करना (sahan karnaa), झेलना (jhelnaa, colloquial)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: This is the word Delhi aunties and uncles reach for constantly -- 'ये गर्मी बरदाश्त नहीं होती' (ye garmii bardaasht nahiin hotii, 'I just can't bear this heat') is a monsoon-season staple. It carries a slightly stronger, more visceral sense than सहना (sahnaa) -- less 'quiet endurance' and more 'gritting your teeth against something that's really testing you.' The word comes from Persian/Urdu, giving it a slightly more urban, everyday-conversational flavor than its Sanskritic cousin सहन करना (sahan karnaa).
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often reach for सहना (sahnaa) alone when बरदाश्त करना (bardaasht karnaa) is what actually gets used in spoken Hindi for everyday complaints -- 'I can't stand this noise/heat/person' is almost always बरदाश्त नहीं होना (bardaasht nahiin honaa) or बरदाश्त नहीं कर सकता (bardaasht nahiin kar saktaa), not सहना (sahnaa). 2) The related impersonal/involuntary construction मुझसे बरदाश्त नहीं होता (mujhse bardaasht nahiin hotaa, 'I just can't bear it') uses से (se)-marked subject with an intransitive/impersonal होना (honaa) pairing, distinct from the transitive करना (karnaa) version -- learners often try to force करना (karnaa) into every sentence when the से...होना (se...honaa) pattern is what a native speaker would actually say.
Sample Sentences:
मुझसे ये बदतमीज़ी बरदाश्त नहीं होती।
I just can't tolerate this rudeness.
(mujhse ye badatmiizii bardaasht nahiin hotii।)
इस बार गर्मी सच में बरदाश्त नहीं हो रही।
This time the heat is genuinely unbearable.
(is baar garmii sach men bardaasht nahiin ho rahii।)
उसने सालों तक अपने बॉस की बेइज़्ज़ती बरदाश्त की।
He put up with his boss's insults for years.
(usne saalon tak apne bos kii beizztii bardaasht kii।)
अब मैं और बरदाश्त नहीं करूँगी।
I won't put up with any more of this now.
(ab main aur bardaasht nahiin karoongii।)
यह अन्याय बरदाश्त करो, ऐसा मैं कभी नहीं कहूँगा।
"Tolerate this injustice" -- I'll never say that.
(yah anyaay bardaasht karo, aisaa main kabhii nahiin kahoongaa।)
अगर वो थोड़ा और बरदाश्त कर लेता तो बात नहीं बिगड़ती।
If he had endured a little more, things wouldn't have gone wrong.
(agar vo thodaa aur bardaasht kar letaa to baat nahiin bigadtii।)
इतनी बदबू किसी से भी बरदाश्त नहीं की जा सकती।
Such a stench can't be tolerated by anyone.
(itnii badboo kisii se bhii bardaasht nahiin kii jaa saktii।)
शायद वो अपने पति की बेवफाई बरदाश्त कर ले।
Maybe she'll manage to bear her husband's infidelity.
(shaayad vo apne pati kii bevphaaii bardaasht kar le।)
क्या आप इतना शोर बरदाश्त कर सकते हैं?
Can you tolerate this much noise?
(kyaa aap itnaa shor bardaasht kar sakte hain?)
मैडम, हमें इस तरह का बर्ताव बिल्कुल बरदाश्त नहीं करना है।
Madam, we absolutely must not tolerate this kind of behavior.
(maidam, hamen is tarah kaa bartaav bilkul bardaasht nahiin karnaa hai।)
पूरा दिन दफ़्तर में बैठे-बैठे उसकी बकबक बरदाश्त करते-करते सिर दुखने लगा।
Sitting in the office all day, my head started aching from constantly putting up with his chatter.
(pooraa din daftar men baithe-baithe uskii bakbak bardaasht karte-karte sir dukhne lagaa।)
Morphology
Verb (irregular)
infinitive:
बरदाश्त करना
(bardaasht karnaa)
infinitive oblique:
बरदाश्त करने
(bardaasht karne)
habitual/simple (sg.m):
बरदाश्त करता
(bardaasht kartaa)
habitual/simple (pl.m):
बरदाश्त करते
(bardaasht karte)
habitual/simple (sg.f):
बरदाश्त करती
(bardaasht kartii)
habitual/simple (pl.f):
बरदाश्त करतीं
(bardaasht kartiin)
continuous (sg.m):
बरदाश्त कर रहा
(bardaasht kar rahaa)
continuous (pl.m):
बरदाश्त कर रहे
(bardaasht kar rahe)
continuous (sg.f):
बरदाश्त कर रही
(bardaasht kar rahii)
continuous (pl.f):
बरदाश्त कर रहीं
(bardaasht kar rahiin)
perfective (sg.m):
बरदाश्त किया
(bardaasht kiyaa)
perfective (pl.m):
बरदाश्त किए
(bardaasht kie)
perfective (sg.f):
बरदाश्त की
(bardaasht kii)
perfective (pl.f):
बरदाश्त कीं
(bardaasht kiin)
imperative (informal):
बरदाश्त कर
(bardaasht kar)
imperative (neutral):
बरदाश्त करो
(bardaasht karo)
imperative (formal):
बरदाश्त कीजिए
(bardaasht kiijie)
future (1sg.m):
बरदाश्त करूँगा
(bardaasht karoongaa)
future (1sg.f):
बरदाश्त करूँगी
(bardaasht karoongii)
future (1pl.m):
बरदाश्त करेंगे
(bardaasht karenge)
future (1pl.f):
बरदाश्त करेंगी
(bardaasht karengii)
future (2sg.m):
बरदाश्त करेगा
(bardaasht karegaa)
future (2sg.f):
बरदाश्त करेगी
(bardaasht karegii)
future (2pl.m):
बरदाश्त करोगे
(bardaasht karoge)
future (2pl.f):
बरदाश्त करोगी
(bardaasht karogii)
future (3sg.m):
बरदाश्त करेगा
(bardaasht karegaa)
future (3sg.f):
बरदाश्त करेगी
(bardaasht karegii)
future (3pl.m):
बरदाश्त करेंगे
(bardaasht karenge)
future (3pl.f):
बरदाश्त करेंगी
(bardaasht karengii)
subjunctive (1sg):
बरदाश्त करूँ
(bardaasht karoon)
subjunctive (1pl):
बरदाश्त करें
(bardaasht karen)
subjunctive (2sg):
बरदाश्त करे
(bardaasht kare)
subjunctive (2pl):
बरदाश्त करो
(bardaasht karo)
subjunctive (3sg):
बरदाश्त करे
(bardaasht kare)
subjunctive (3pl):
बरदाश्त करें
(bardaasht karen)