निचला (nichlaa)

adjective An adjective meaning 'lower' or 'bottom' -- used for physical position (a lower shelf, a lower floor) and, less commonly, for rank or status (a lower tier, a lower class).
Sense 1 : physically lower / bottom
adjective
Synonyms: नीचे वाला (niiche vaalaa)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: Very handy in everyday directions and building talk in Delhi-NCR: निचली मंज़िल (nichlii manzil, 'ground/lower floor') or निचला खाना (nichlaa khaanaa, 'bottom shelf/compartment') come up constantly when talking about flats, almirahs, or shop shelves.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners sometimes confuse निचला (nichlaa) with the adverb/postposition नीचे (niiche, 'below/down') -- निचला (nichlaa) is the inflecting adjective form (निचला/निचले/निचली) used to modify a noun, e.g. निचली मंज़िल (nichlii manzil, 'lower floor'), while नीचे (niiche) alone cannot directly modify a noun this way.
Sample Sentences:
हम निचली मंज़िल पर रहते हैं। We live on the lower floor.
(ham nichlii manzil par rahte hain।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
किताबें निचले खाने में रखी हैं। The books are kept in the bottom compartment.
(kitaaben nichle khaane men rakhii hain।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
निचली दराज़ में पुराने कागज़ रखे थे। Old papers were kept in the lower drawer.
(nichlii daraaz men puraane kaagaz rakhe the।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
अगर मैं तुम होता, तो निचली मंज़िल वाला फ्लैट ही लेता। If I were you, I would have taken the flat on the lower floor.
(agar main tum hotaa, to nichlii manzil vaalaa phlait hii letaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
निचला बटन दबाओ, लिफ़्ट नीचे आ जाएगी। Press the lower button, the lift will come down.
(nichlaa batan dabaao, lift niiche aa jaaegii।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
क्या तुम्हें निचली शेल्फ़ पर वाला डिब्बा दिख रहा है? Can you see the box on the lower shelf?
(kyaa tumhen nichlii shelf par vaalaa dibbaa dikh rahaa hai?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
बिल्डिंग की निचली मंज़िलें बरसात में भर जाती हैं। The lower floors of the building fill up with water during the rains.
(bilding kii nichlii manzilen barsaat men bhar jaatii hain।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
उम्मीद है कि निचला हिस्सा जल्दी सूख जाए। Hopefully the lower part dries up quickly.
(ummiid hai ki nichlaa hissaa jaldii sookh jaae।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
आर्किटेक्ट ने बताया कि निचला ढांचा पत्थर से बनाया जाएगा। The architect explained that the lower structure would be built with stone.
(aarkitekt ne bataayaa ki nichlaa dhaanchaa patthar se banaayaa jaaegaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Passive
अलमारी का निचला खाना जूतों के लिए है। The bottom shelf of the almirah is for shoes.
(almaarii kaa nichlaa khaanaa jooton ke lie hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
Sense 2 : lower in rank, class, or status
adjective
Synonyms: निम्न (nimn, formal)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: Heard in phrases like निचला तबका (nichlaa tabkaa, 'lower class/stratum') or निचली अदालत (nichlii adaalat, 'lower court') -- this figurative sense of 'lower' extends the physical-position meaning to social and institutional hierarchies, much as English does.
Sample Sentences:
निचली अदालत ने फैसला सुना दिया है। The lower court has announced its verdict.
(nichlii adaalat ne phaislaa sunaa diyaa hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
समाज का निचला तबका अक्सर नज़रअंदाज़ कर दिया जाता है। The lower stratum of society is often overlooked.
(samaaj kaa nichlaa tabkaa aksar nazraandaaz kar diyaa jaataa hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
वह एक निचले पद पर काम करता था। He used to work in a lower position.
(vah ek nichle pad par kaam kartaa thaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
अगर मामला निचली अदालत में ही सुलझ जाता, तो इतना समय नहीं लगता। If the matter had been resolved in the lower court itself, it wouldn't have taken so much time.
(agar maamlaa nichlii adaalat men hii sulajh jaataa, to itnaa samay nahiin lagtaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Perfective -- Voice: Active
क्या निचले तबके के बच्चों को भी अच्छी शिक्षा मिलनी चाहिए? Shouldn't the children of the lower class also get a good education?
(kyaa nichle tabke ke bachchon ko bhii achchhii shikshaa milnii chaahie?)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Passive
निचले दर्जे के कर्मचारियों को कम वेतन मिलता है। Employees of lower rank receive less salary.
(nichle darje ke karmchaariyon ko kam vetan miltaa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
उच्च न्यायालय ने निचली अदालत का फैसला पलट दिया। The High Court overturned the lower court's decision.
(uchch nyaayaalay ne nichlii adaalat kaa phaislaa palat diyaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
समाज में निचले और ऊँचे तबकों के बीच फ़र्क़ मिटाना चाहिए। The gap between the lower and higher strata of society should be erased.
(samaaj men nichle aur oonche tabkon ke biich farq mitaanaa chaahie।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
निचले तबके के लोग भी अब अपने हक़ के लिए आवाज़ उठा रहे हैं। People from the lower class are now raising their voices for their rights too.
(nichle tabke ke log bhii ab apne haq ke lie aavaaz uthaa rahe hain।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
Morphology
Adjective (variable)
(sg.m): निचला (nichlaa)
(pl.m): निचले (nichle)
(sg.f): निचली (nichlii)
(pl.f): निचली (nichlii)