क्रमशः (kramshah)
adverb
A formal adverb meaning 'respectively' or 'successively/in order' -- used mainly in written, academic, or careful spoken Hindi when listing items in a matching sequence.
Sense
1
:
respectively
adverb Used to match two or more lists item-by-item, e.g. 'राम, श्याम और मोहन को क्रमशः पहला, दूसरा और तीसरा स्थान मिला (raam, shyaam aur mohan ko kramshah pahlaa, doosraa aur tiisraa sthaan milaa, 'Ram, Shyam, and Mohan got first, second, and third place respectively')' -- the order of the second list maps onto the order of the first.
Synonyms: क्रम से (kram se, two-word variant)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: You will see क्रमशः (kramshah) constantly in newspapers, exam results, and official announcements listing names against ranks or scores, but it rarely comes up in casual chat -- a Delhi shopkeeper would just say the numbers, not reach for this word.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often use क्रमशः (kramshah) loosely to mean 'gradually,' but that sense belongs to its other reading (see next sense) -- this 'respectively' sense only works when pairing off two parallel lists. 2) It sounds bookish in casual speech; native speakers giving a spoken list often just say the items in order without any linking word, or use क्रम से (kram se) instead.
Sample Sentences:
पहला, दूसरा और तीसरा स्थान रोहन, सीमा और अमित को क्रमशः मिला।
First, second, and third place went to Rohan, Seema, and Amit, respectively.
(pahlaa, doosraa aur tiisraa sthaan rohan, siimaa aur amit ko kramshah milaa।)
इन दोनों कंपनियों का लाभ क्रमशः दस और बीस प्रतिशत बढ़ा है।
The profits of these two companies have increased by ten and twenty percent, respectively.
(in donon kampniyon kaa laabh kramshah das aur biis pratishat badhaa hai।)
राम और श्याम को क्रमशः प्रथम और द्वितीय पुरस्कार से सम्मानित किया गया।
Ram and Shyam were honored with the first and second prize, respectively.
(raam aur shyaam ko kramshah pratham aur dvitiiy puraskaar se sammaanit kiyaa gayaa।)
परीक्षा परिणामों में अंकित संख्याएँ क्रमशः गणित, विज्ञान और अंग्रेज़ी के अंक दर्शाती हैं।
The numbers noted in the exam results show the marks for math, science, and English, respectively.
(pariikshaa parinaamon men ankit sankhyaaen kramshah ganit, vigyaan aur angrezii ke ank darshaatii hain।)
कृपया इन तीन खानों में क्रमशः अपना नाम, पता और फ़ोन नंबर भरें।
Please fill in your name, address, and phone number, respectively, in these three boxes.
(kripyaa in tiin khaanon men kramshah apnaa naam, pataa aur fon nambar bharen।)
अगर सूची सही क्रम में हो, तो नाम क्रमशः रैंक के अनुसार दिखेंगे।
If the list is in the correct order, the names will appear according to rank, respectively.
(agar soochii sahii kram men ho, to naam kramshah raink ke anusaar dikhenge।)
उस समय अगर आँकड़े सही होते, तो लाभ और हानि क्रमशः दर्ज किए जाते।
If the figures had been correct at that time, the profit and loss would have been recorded, respectively.
(us samay agar aankde sahii hote, to laabh aur haani kramshah darj kie jaate।)
आगामी बैठक में सभी विभागों के प्रमुखों को क्रमशः अपनी रिपोर्ट प्रस्तुत करनी चाहिए।
In the upcoming meeting, the heads of all departments should present their reports respectively.
(aagaamii baithak men sabhii vibhaagon ke pramukhon ko kramshah apnii riport prastut karnii chaahie।)
समाचार पत्र में तीनों उम्मीदवारों को मिले वोट क्रमशः प्रकाशित किए गए थे।
The votes received by the three candidates were published in the newspaper respectively.
(samaachaar patr men tiinon ummiidvaaron ko mile vot kramshah prakaashit kie gae the।)
Sense
2
:
successively, in due order
adverb Marks a sequence unfolding one stage after another, often in narration of events or processes, e.g. 'क्रमशः स्थिति सुधरती गई (kramshah sthiti sudhartii gaii, 'the situation kept improving, stage by stage')'.
Synonyms: धीरे-धीरे (dhiire-dhiire, gradually, meaning scope), क्रम से (kram se, two-word variant)
Frequency: low
Cultural Note: This sense overlaps with the 'respectively' sense because both come from the same root idea of क्रम (kram, 'order/sequence') -- here the emphasis is on unfolding over time rather than pairing lists, so it shows up more in formal narration, reports, and news writing than in daily conversation.
Sample Sentences:
समिति ने क्रमशः तीन बैठकें बुलाईं।
The committee called three meetings successively.
(samiti ne kramshah tiin baithken bulaaiin।)
कंपनी का मुनाफ़ा क्रमशः बढ़ता जा रहा है।
The company's profit is increasing step by step.
(kampnii kaa munaafaa kramshah badhtaa jaa rahaa hai।)
योजना के तहत सड़कों का निर्माण क्रमशः किया जाएगा।
Under the plan, the roads will be built successively.
(yojnaa ke tahat sadkon kaa nirmaan kramshah kiyaa jaaegaa।)
अगर हम क्रमशः काम करते तो परियोजना समय पर पूरी हो जाती।
If we had worked step by step, the project would have been completed on time.
(agar ham kramshah kaam karte to pariyojnaa samay par poorii ho jaatii।)
कृपया सभी चरणों को क्रमशः पूरा करें।
Please complete all the stages successively.
(kripyaa sabhii charnon ko kramshah pooraa karen।)
रिपोर्ट में बताया गया कि उत्पादन क्रमशः घटता गया।
The report stated that production kept declining step by step.
(riport men bataayaa gayaa ki utpaadan kramshah ghattaa gayaa।)
संभव है कि नई नीतियाँ क्रमशः लागू की जाएँ।
It is possible that the new policies will be implemented successively.
(sambhav hai ki naii niitiyaan kramshah laagoo kii jaaen।)
प्राचीन ग्रंथों में बताया गया है कि सृष्टि क्रमशः विकसित हुई।
The ancient texts describe that creation evolved successively.
(praachiin granthon men bataayaa gayaa hai ki srishti kramshah viksit huii।)