चूँकि (choonki)
conjunction
A single-sense conjunction meaning 'since' or 'because', used to introduce a reason clause, typically paired with the correlative अतः (atah) or इसलिए (islie) in the following clause.
Sense
1
:
since, because (reason clause)
conjunction Introduces the reason clause and is typically followed later by अतः (atah) or इसलिए (islie) introducing the result clause, forming a correlative pair -- 'चूँकि...अतः/इसलिए' (choonki...atah/islie, 'since...therefore').
Synonyms: क्योंकि (kyonki), जबकि (jabki, one-word variant, less common in this sense)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: You'll meet चूँकि (choonki) far more in newspapers, official notices, and formal speeches than in casual chai-time chat -- in daily conversation people almost always reach for क्योंकि (kyonki) instead. Think of चूँकi as the 'since' of a formal report, while क्योंकि (kyonki) is the 'because' of everyday talk.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often use चूँकि (choonki) as a simple drop-in for क्योंकि (kyonki), but चूँकि (choonki) is more formal/written and normally opens the sentence, whereas क्योंकि (kyonki) usually follows the main clause it explains. 2) Forgetting the nuqta and writing चुंकि (chunki) is a common spelling slip; the correct nasalized vowel is चूँकि (choonki).
Sample Sentences:
चूँकि मौसम खराब था, इसलिए उड़ान रद्द कर दी गई।
Since the weather was bad, the flight was cancelled.
(choonki mausam kharaab thaa, islie udaan radd kar dii gaii।)
चूँकि सभी सदस्य उपस्थित हैं, बैठक अभी शुरू की जा सकती है।
Since all the members are present, the meeting can begin now.
(choonki sabhii sadasy upasthit hain, baithak abhii shuroo kii jaa saktii hai।)
चूँकि कंपनी को इस साल भारी नुकसान हुआ है, प्रबंधन ने खर्चों में कटौती का फैसला लिया है।
Since the company has suffered heavy losses this year, the management has decided to cut costs.
(choonki kampnii ko is saal bhaarii nuksaan huaa hai, prabandhan ne kharchon men katautii kaa phaislaa liyaa hai।)
चूँकि नियमों का पालन नहीं किया गया था, अनुबंध रद्द कर दिया गया।
Since the rules had not been followed, the contract was cancelled.
(choonki niymon kaa paalan nahiin kiyaa gayaa thaa, anubandh radd kar diyaa gayaa।)
चूँकि सड़क का काम चल रहा है, वाहन चालकों को वैकल्पिक मार्ग अपनाना चाहिए।
Since road work is going on, drivers should take an alternative route.
(choonki sadak kaa kaam chal rahaa hai, vaahan chaalkon ko vaikalpik maarg apnaanaa chaahie।)
चूँकि अध्यक्ष महोदय अभी नहीं आए हैं, कार्यवाही थोड़ी देर से शुरू होगी।
Since the chairman has not arrived yet, proceedings will begin a little late.
(choonki adhyaksh mahoday abhii nahiin aae hain, kaaryvaahii thodii der se shuroo hogii।)
यदि चूँकि प्रत्येक विभाग को समय पर रिपोर्ट सौंपनी होती, तो देरी न होती।
Since each department was supposed to submit its report on time, there would have been no delay.
(yadi choonki pratyek vibhaag ko samay par riport saumpnii hotii, to derii n hotii।)
चूँकि यह मामला अदालत में विचाराधीन है, इस पर कोई टिप्पणी नहीं की जाएगी।
Since this matter is under consideration in court, no comment will be made on it.
(choonki yah maamlaa adaalat men vichaaraadhiin hai, is par koii tippnii nahiin kii jaaegii।)
चूँकि प्रधानमंत्री की यात्रा तय हो गई है, सुरक्षा व्यवस्था कड़ी कर दी गई है।
Since the Prime Minister's visit has been confirmed, security arrangements have been tightened.
(choonki pradhaanmantrii kii yaatraa tay ho gaii hai, surakshaa vyavasthaa kadii kar dii gaii hai।)
चूँकि विद्यार्थी परीक्षा में असफल रहे थे, विद्यालय ने विशेष कक्षाएँ आयोजित करने का निर्णय लिया।
Since the students had failed in the exam, the school decided to organize special classes.
(choonki vidyaarthii pariikshaa men asphal rahe the, vidyaalay ne vishesh kakshaaen aayojit karne kaa nirnay liyaa।)