यदि (yadi)

conjunction A formal/literary word for 'if', used to introduce a conditional clause; the everyday spoken equivalent is अगर (agar).
Sense 1 : if (conditional)
conjunction Often paired with तो (to) in the following clause to mark the result: यदि...तो... (yadi...to..., 'if...then...').
Synonyms: अगर (agar), चूंकि (choonki, not a true synonym, means 'since')
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: You will hear यदि (yadi) in news broadcasts, official notices, textbooks, and formal speeches -- it has a slightly bookish, elevated flavor compared to its everyday twin अगर (agar). Think of it like the difference between 'should you require assistance' and 'if you need help' in English: same meaning, different register.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often use यदि (yadi) in casual speech where अगर (agar) would sound far more natural; यदि (yadi) is common in writing, speeches, and formal announcements but can feel stiff in everyday conversation. 2) Forgetting to add तो (to) in the second clause, which is optional but very frequently used to sharpen the if-then link, especially with यदि (yadi) in formal registers.
Sample Sentences:
यदि आप सहायता चाहते हैं, तो कृपया कार्यालय से संपर्क करें। If you require assistance, please contact the office.
(yadi aap sahaaytaa chaahte hain, to kripyaa kaaryaalay se sampark karen।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Imperative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
यदि वर्षा होती है, तो कार्यक्रम स्थगित कर दिया जाएगा। If it rains, the program will be postponed.
(yadi varshaa hotii hai, to kaaryakram sthagit kar diyaa jaaegaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Passive
यदि उम्मीदवार समय पर उपस्थित नहीं होता, तो उसका आवेदन रद्द माना जाएगा। If the candidate does not present himself on time, his application will be considered cancelled.
(yadi ummiidvaar samay par upasthit nahiin hotaa, to uskaa aavedan radd maanaa jaaegaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Passive
यदि मैं वहाँ होता, तो यह गलती न होती। If I had been there, this mistake would not have happened.
(yadi main vahaan hotaa, to yah galtii n hotii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
यदि आपने आवेदन पत्र सही ढंग से भरा है, तो आपको कोई समस्या नहीं होगी। If you have filled out the application form correctly, you will not face any problem.
(yadi aapne aavedan patr sahii dhang se bharaa hai, to aapko koii samasyaa nahiin hogii।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
यदि यह सत्य हो, तो सरकार को तुरंत कार्रवाई करनी चाहिए। If this is true, the government should take immediate action.
(yadi yah saty ho, to sarkaar ko turant kaarrvaaii karnii chaahie।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
यदि नागरिक जागरूक रहें, तो भ्रष्टाचार में कमी आ सकती है। If citizens remain vigilant, corruption can decrease.
(yadi naagrik jaagrook rahen, to bhrashtaachaar men kamii aa saktii hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
यदि परिस्थितियाँ अनुकूल रहीं, तो परियोजना अगले वर्ष तक पूरी हो जाएगी। If circumstances remain favorable, the project will be completed by next year.
(yadi paristhitiyaan anukool rahiin, to pariyojnaa agle varsh tak poorii ho jaaegii।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
यदि नियमों का उल्लंघन किया जाता है, तो कड़ी कार्रवाई की जाएगी। If the rules are violated, strict action will be taken.
(yadi niymon kaa ullanghan kiyaa jaataa hai, to kadii kaarrvaaii kii jaaegii।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive