मारना (maarnaa)

verb Core physical-action verb: literally 'to hit/strike', extending naturally to 'to kill', and also feeding a large family of light-verb idioms (noun + मारना (maarnaa)) describing sudden or vigorous actions like jumping, diving, or boasting.
Sense 1 : to hit, strike, beat
verb, transitive
Synonyms: पीटना (piitnaa), ठोकना (thoknaa, colloquial), चोट पहुँचाना (chot pahunchaanaa, to hurt/harm)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: In Delhi households a stern मार पड़ेगी (maar padegii, 'you'll get a beating') is the classic half-joking warning parents give unruly kids -- it rarely means actual violence, more a scolding threat. थप्पड़ मारना (thappad maarnaa, 'to slap') and लात मारना (laat maarnaa, 'to kick') are the everyday specific forms you'll hear most.
Common Mistakes: 1) मारना (maarnaa, to hit/kill -- transitive) is easy to confuse with the similar-looking मरना (marnaa, to die -- intransitive); they are a transitive/intransitive pair, not the same verb. 2) In गोली मारना (golii maarnaa, 'to shoot'), the target is marked with को, not से: उसे गोली मारी (use golii maarii, 'shot him').
Sample Sentences:
मत मारो उसे, वो बहुत छोटा है। Don't hit him, he's very small.
(mat maaro use, vo bahut chhotaa hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
अगर तुमने फिर शरारत की तो मार पड़ेगी। If you misbehave again, you'll get a beating.
(agar tumne phir sharaarat kii to maar padegii।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
उसने गुस्से में अपने भाई को थप्पड़ मार दिया। He slapped his brother in anger.
(usne gusse men apne bhaaii ko thappad maar diyaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
बच्चा गेंद को लात मार रहा है। The child is kicking the ball.
(bachchaa gend ko laat maar rahaa hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
स्कूल में शिक्षक बच्चों को नहीं मार सकते। Teachers cannot hit children in school.
(skool men shikshak bachchon ko nahiin maar sakte।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अगर वो मुझे मारता तो मैं भी वापस मारता। If he had hit me, I would have hit him back too.
(agar vo mujhe maartaa to main bhii vaapas maartaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
उसे पीठ पर मारा गया था, इसलिए निशान अभी भी है। He was hit on the back, so the mark is still there.
(use piith par maaraa gayaa thaa, islie nishaan abhii bhii hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
काश तुम उसे इतनी ज़ोर से न मारते। I wish you hadn't hit him so hard.
(kaash tum use itnii zor se n maarte।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
माँ ने कहा कि अगर मैंने झूठ बोला तो वो मुझे मारेगी। Mom said that if I lied, she would hit me.
(maan ne kahaa ki agar mainne jhooth bolaa to vo mujhe maaregii।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
दो लड़के आपस में मार रहे थे जब पुलिस पहुँची। Two boys were hitting each other when the police arrived.
(do ladke aapas men maar rahe the jab pulis pahunchii।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
जानवर को मत मारो, उसे प्यार से समझाओ। Don't hit the animal, explain to it gently.
(jaanvar ko mat maaro, use pyaar se samjhaao।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
Sense 2 : to kill
verb, transitive जान से मारना (jaan se maarnaa) is the common emphatic way to specify 'kill' when मारना (maarnaa) alone might be read as just 'hit'.
Synonyms: हत्या करना (hatyaa karnaa, formal), जान से मारना (jaan se maarnaa, emphatic 'to take a life'), खत्म करना (khatm karnaa, colloquial 'to finish off')
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: The most frequent, entirely non-violent use of this sense in daily life is pest control: मच्छर मारना (machchhar maarnaa, 'to kill mosquitoes') or मक्खी मारना (makkhii maarnaa, 'to kill flies') is dinner-table talk in every home, not a dark topic.
Common Mistakes: 1) Without a clarifying object or context, मारना (maarnaa) is ambiguous between 'hit' and 'kill' -- साँप मारा (saamp maaraa, 'killed the snake') versus बच्चे को मारा (bachche ko maaraa, 'hit the child') shows how the object itself often disambiguates.
Sample Sentences:
रोज शाम को यहाँ मच्छर मारने पड़ते हैं। Every evening we have to kill mosquitoes here.
(roj shaam ko yahaan machchhar maarne padte hain।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
उसने एक झटके में मक्खी मार दी। He killed the fly in one swift move.
(usne ek jhatke men makkhii maar dii।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
सैनिक दुश्मन को मार रहे थे। The soldiers were killing the enemy.
(sainik dushman ko maar rahe the।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
उस हादसे में तीन लोग मार दिए गए। Three people were killed in that incident.
(us haadse men tiin log maar die gae।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
मच्छर मारो, नहीं तो पूरी रात काटते रहेंगे। Kill the mosquitoes, or they'll keep biting all night.
(machchhar maaro, nahiin to poorii raat kaatte rahenge।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
अगर वह वहाँ होता, तो उन्हें मार देता। If he had been there, he would have killed them.
(agar vah vahaan hotaa, to unhen maar detaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
सरकार चाहती है कि आतंकवादियों को मार दिया जाए। The government wants the terrorists to be killed.
(sarkaar chaahtii hai ki aatankvaadiyon ko maar diyaa jaae।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
शिकारी ने शेर को एक ही गोली से मार डाला। The hunter killed the lion with a single bullet.
(shikaarii ne sher ko ek hii golii se maar daalaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
पुलिस मुठभेड़ में अपराधी को मार गिराएगी। The police will shoot the criminal dead in the encounter.
(pulis muthbhed men apraadhii ko maar giraaegii।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
खाना बनाते वक्त रसोई में कॉकरोच मारना पड़ा। I had to kill a cockroach in the kitchen while cooking.
(khaanaa banaate vakt rasoii men kokroch maarnaa padaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
रावण को मारकर राम अयोध्या लौटे। Having killed Ravana, Rama returned to Ayodhya.
(raavan ko maarkar raam ayodhyaa laute।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
काश कोई उस मच्छर को मार पाता, रातभर सोने नहीं दिया। If only someone could have killed that mosquito, it didn't let me sleep all night.
(kaash koii us machchhar ko maar paataa, raatbhar sone nahiin diyaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
Sense 3 : to perform a sudden, vigorous, or boastful action (light-verb idiom pattern)
verb, transitive मारना (maarnaa) combines with certain action nouns to form fixed idioms where it no longer means 'hit' but adds a sense of suddenness, vigor, or boastfulness: छलांग मारना (chhalaang maarnaa, 'to jump'), गोता मारना (gotaa maarnaa, 'to dive'), डींग मारना (diing maarnaa, 'to brag'), शेखी मारना (shekhii maarnaa, 'to boast'), गप मारना (gap maarnaa, 'to chat/gossip'), बाज़ी मारना (baazii maarnaa, 'to win/carry the day').
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: This is one of Hindi's most productive light-verb families, roughly like English 'take a jump' versus 'jump' but far more widespread: दोस्तों के साथ बैठकर गप मारना (doston ke saath baithkar gap maarnaa, 'to sit around chatting with friends') describes a favorite pastime for many in Delhi.
Common Mistakes: 1) These are fixed collocations -- you cannot swap in पीटना (piitnaa) or another hit-synonym inside idioms like शेखी मारना (shekhii maarnaa); the noun+मारना pairing is fixed and non-substitutable.
Sample Sentences:
शाम को हम छत पर बैठकर गप मारते हैं। In the evening we sit on the roof and chat.
(shaam ko ham chhat par baithkar gap maarte hain।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
वह क्लास में बैठा डींग मार रहा था कि उसने पूरा पेपर याद कर लिया। He was sitting in class bragging that he'd memorized the whole paper.
(vah klaas men baithaa diing maar rahaa thaa ki usne pooraa pepar yaad kar liyaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
उसने एक ही झटके में पूरी बात समझते हुए फैसला मार दिया। He grasped the whole matter in one instant and made the call right there.
(usne ek hii jhatke men poorii baat samajhte hue phaislaa maar diyaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
जरा चुप रहो, इतनी डींग मत मारो। Just be quiet, don't boast so much.
(jaraa chup raho, itnii diing mat maaro।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
अगर वह थोड़ा मौका पाता तो जरूर एक और छलांग मार देता। If he'd gotten a bit of a chance, he'd definitely have pulled off another jump.
(agar vah thodaa maukaa paataa to jaroor ek aur chhalaang maar detaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Perfective -- Voice: Active
मुझे लगता है वह कल फिर कोई गप मारेगा। I think he'll spin some tall tale again tomorrow.
(mujhe lagtaa hai vah kal phir koii gap maaregaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
पार्टी में सब यही चाहते थे कि कोई मजेदार गप मारे। Everyone at the party just wanted someone to crack a fun joke or story.
(paartii men sab yahii chaahte the ki koii majedaar gap maare।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
चाय की दुकान पर लोग घंटों गप मारते रहते हैं। People sit around chatting for hours at the tea stall.
(chaay kii dukaan par log ghanton gap maarte rahte hain।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
उसकी बड़ी-बड़ी बातों से लग रहा था कि वह डींग मार रहा है। From his big talk it seemed like he was just bragging.
(uskii badii-badii baaton se lag rahaa thaa ki vah diing maar rahaa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
बैठक में उसने बिना सोचे-समझे एक बड़ा दावा मार दिया। In the meeting he blurted out a big claim without thinking it through.
(baithak men usne binaa soche-samjhe ek badaa daavaa maar diyaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
Morphology
Verb
infinitive: मारना (maarnaa)
infinitive oblique: मारने (maarne)
habitual/simple (sg.m): मारता (maartaa)
habitual/simple (pl.m): मारते (maarte)
habitual/simple (sg.f): मारती (maartii)
habitual/simple (pl.f): मारतीं (maartiin)
continuous (sg.m): मार रहा (maar rahaa)
continuous (pl.m): मार रहे (maar rahe)
continuous (sg.f): मार रही (maar rahii)
continuous (pl.f): मार रहीं (maar rahiin)
perfective (sg.m): मारा (maaraa)
perfective (pl.m): मारे (maare)
perfective (sg.f): मारी (maarii)
perfective (pl.f): मारीं (maariin)
imperative (informal): मार (maar)
imperative (neutral): मारो (maaro)
imperative (formal): मारिए (maarie)
future (1sg.m): मारूँगा (maaroongaa)
future (1sg.f): मारूँगी (maaroongii)
future (1pl.m): मारेंगे (maarenge)
future (1pl.f): मारेंगी (maarengii)
future (2sg.m): मारेगा (maaregaa)
future (2sg.f): मारेगी (maaregii)
future (2pl.m): मारोगे (maaroge)
future (2pl.f): मारोगी (maarogii)
future (3sg.m): मारेगा (maaregaa)
future (3sg.f): मारेगी (maaregii)
future (3pl.m): मारेंगे (maarenge)
future (3pl.f): मारेंगी (maarengii)
subjunctive (1sg): मारूँ (maaroon)
subjunctive (1pl): मारें (maaren)
subjunctive (2sg): मारे (maare)
subjunctive (2pl): मारो (maaro)
subjunctive (3sg): मारे (maare)
subjunctive (3pl): मारें (maaren)