जोड़ना (jodnaa)

verb जोड़ना (jodnaa) is a transitive verb meaning 'to join' -- covering physical connection, mathematical addition, gradual accumulation of savings, and figurative bonding between people. Its intransitive partner is जुड़ना (judnaa), 'to become joined.'
Sense 1 : to join or connect (physically)
verb, transitive
Synonyms: मिलाना (milaanaa), संयोजित करना (sanyojit karnaa, formal)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: Think of an electrician joining two wires (तार जोड़ना, taar jodnaa) or a tailor joining two pieces of cloth -- this is the most literal, hands-on sense of the word. Keep जुड़ना (judnaa) nearby in your mind as the 'it got joined' half of this same pair.
Common Mistakes: 1) Learners often reach for जोड़ना (jodnaa) when they actually mean its intransitive partner जुड़ना (judnaa) -- 'the wires got joined' is तार जुड़ गए (taar jud gae, 'the wires got joined'), not तार जोड़े गए used carelessly; जोड़ना always needs someone doing the joining.
Sample Sentences:
इलेक्ट्रीशियन ने दोनों तार जोड़ दिए। The electrician joined the two wires.
(ilektriishiyan ne donon taar jod die।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
दर्जी कपड़े के दो टुकड़ों को जोड़ रहा है। The tailor is joining the two pieces of cloth.
(darjii kapde ke do tukdon ko jod rahaa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
यह पाइप उस पाइप से कैसे जोड़ें? How should we join this pipe to that pipe?
(yah paaip us paaip se kaise joden?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
पहले इस हिस्से को उस हिस्से से जोड़ो, फिर पेंच कसना। First join this part to that part, then tighten the screw.
(pahle is hisse ko us hisse se jodo, phir pench kasnaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
मिस्त्री हर हफ़्ते टूटे हुए पाइप जोड़ता है। The plumber joins broken pipes every week.
(mistrii har hafte toote hue paaip jodtaa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
टूटी हुई चूड़ियाँ फिर से जोड़ना मुश्किल है। It's hard to join broken bangles back together.
(tootii huii choodiyaan phir se jodnaa mushkil hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अगर उसके पास सही औज़ार होते, तो वह तार जोड़ लेता। If he had the right tools, he would have joined the wires.
(agar uske paas sahii auzaar hote, to vah taar jod letaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
दोनों लकड़ी के टुकड़े कील से जोड़े गए थे। The two pieces of wood had been joined with a nail.
(donon lakdii ke tukde kiil se jode gae the।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
कारीगर मशीन के पुर्जे बहुत सावधानी से जोड़ता है। The craftsman joins the machine's parts very carefully.
(kaariigar mashiin ke purje bahut saavdhaanii se jodtaa hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
मैंने टूटी हुई कुर्सी की टाँगें जोड़ दी हैं। I've joined the broken chair's legs.
(mainne tootii huii kursii kii taangen jod dii hain।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
क्या तुम यह टूटा हुआ हैंडल जोड़ सकते हो? Can you join this broken handle?
(kyaa tum yah tootaa huaa haindal jod sakte ho?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
Sense 2 : to add up (numbers)
verb, transitive
Synonyms: जमा करना (jamaa karnaa)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: This is the word every schoolkid hears during maths class: दो और दो जोड़ना (do aur do jodnaa, 'to add two and two'). It is the same underlying idea as physical joining -- putting numbers together into one total.
Sample Sentences:
टीचर ने बच्चों को दो और दो जोड़ना सिखाया। The teacher taught the children to add two and two.
(tiichar ne bachchon ko do aur do jodnaa sikhaayaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
यह सारे नंबर जोड़ दो, फिर मुझे बताओ कुल कितना हुआ। Add up all these numbers, then tell me what the total came to.
(yah saare nambar jod do, phir mujhe bataao kul kitnaa huaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
वह हर महीने अपना खर्चा जोड़ता है और बजट बनाता है। He adds up his expenses every month and makes a budget.
(vah har mahiine apnaa kharchaa jodtaa hai aur bajat banaataa hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
मैं सारे बिल जोड़ रहा हूँ ताकि पता चले कि कितना बचा है। I'm adding up all the bills so I can find out how much is left.
(main saare bil jod rahaa hoon taaki pataa chale ki kitnaa bachaa hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अगर तुम सही से जोड़ते तो जवाब गलत नहीं आता। If you had added correctly, the answer wouldn't have come out wrong.
(agar tum sahii se jodte to javaab galat nahiin aataa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
क्लर्क ने सारी रसीदें जोड़ीं और कुल रकम निकाली। The clerk added up all the receipts and worked out the total amount.
(klark ne saarii rasiiden jodiin aur kul rakam nikaalii।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
कैलकुलेटर से यह सब जोड़ना ज़्यादा आसान होगा। It will be much easier to add all this up with a calculator.
(kailkuletar se yah sab jodnaa zyaadaa aasaan hogaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
शायद उसने कुल रकम में सर्विस चार्ज जोड़ना भूल दिया हो। Maybe he forgot to add the service charge into the total amount.
(shaayad usne kul rakam men sarvis chaarj jodnaa bhool diyaa ho।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
सारे अंक जोड़े जाते हैं और तब औसत निकाला जाता है। All the marks are added up, and then the average is calculated.
(saare ank jode jaate hain aur tab ausat nikaalaa jaataa hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
बचपन में हमें उँगलियों पर जोड़ना सिखाया जाता था। In childhood, we were taught to add using our fingers.
(bachpan men hamen ungliyon par jodnaa sikhaayaa jaataa thaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
पहले टैक्स जोड़ो, उसके बाद डिस्काउंट घटाना। First add the tax, then subtract the discount.
(pahle taiks jodo, uske baad diskaaunt ghataanaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
Sense 3 : to save up or accumulate (money) gradually
verb, transitive Common collocation: पैसे जोड़ना (paise jodnaa, 'to save up money').
Synonyms: बचाना (bachaanaa)
Frequency: medium
Cultural Note: This is the classic image of a mother tucking away a few rupees each week in a tin box -- थोड़ा-थोड़ा जोड़ना (thodaa-thodaa jodnaa, 'to save bit by bit') captures a very familiar household habit in India.
Common Mistakes: 1) A learner who only knows the 'add' sense may miss that पैसे जोड़ना (paise jodnaa) doesn't mean 'to add money' in a sum, but 'to save money little by little' over time.
Sample Sentences:
मेरी माँ हर हफ़्ते थोड़े-थोड़े पैसे जोड़ती है। My mother saves a little money every week.
(merii maan har hafte thode-thode paise jodtii hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
उसने सालों से पैसे जोड़कर एक स्कूटर खरीदा। He saved up money for years and bought a scooter.
(usne saalon se paise jodkar ek skootar khariidaa।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
तुम भी थोड़ा-थोड़ा पैसा जोड़ना शुरू कर दो। You should also start saving up bit by bit.
(tum bhii thodaa-thodaa paisaa jodnaa shuroo kar do।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
वह अपनी बेटी की शादी के लिए पैसे जोड़ रही है। She is saving up money for her daughter's wedding.
(vah apnii betii kii shaadii ke lie paise jod rahii hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Continuous -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अगर वह थोड़ा-थोड़ा जोड़ती तो अब तक इतना पैसा हो जाता। If she had saved bit by bit, she would have had so much money by now.
(agar vah thodaa-thodaa jodtii to ab tak itnaa paisaa ho jaataa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
बचपन से ही मुझे पैसे जोड़ने की आदत है। I've had the habit of saving money since childhood.
(bachpan se hii mujhe paise jodne kii aadat hai।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अगले महीने तक मैं इतने पैसे जोड़ लूँगा कि नई साइकिल आ सके। By next month I will have saved up enough money that a new bicycle can be bought.
(agle mahiine tak main itne paise jod loongaa ki naii saaikil aa sake।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Tense: Future -- Voice: Active
गाँव में औरतें अक्सर डिब्बे में थोड़े-थोड़े पैसे जोड़ती रहती हैं। In villages, women often keep saving small amounts of money in a tin box.
(gaanv men aurten aksar dibbe men thode-thode paise jodtii rahtii hain।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
क्या तुमने कुछ पैसे जोड़े हैं आपात स्थिति के लिए? Have you saved up some money for emergencies?
(kyaa tumne kuchh paise jode hain aapaat sthiti ke lie?)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
शायद वह अपनी पेंशन से थोड़ा पैसा जोड़ ले। Perhaps she saves up a little money from her pension.
(shaayad vah apnii penshan se thodaa paisaa jod le।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
सालों की मेहनत से जोड़ा गया पैसा एक ही झटके में खत्म हो गया। The money that was saved up through years of hard work was finished in a single blow.
(saalon kii mehnat se jodaa gayaa paisaa ek hii jhatke men khatm ho gayaa।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Passive
Sense 4 : to form or build (a relationship, connection, or bond)
verb, transitive Common collocation: रिश्ता जोड़ना (rishtaa jodnaa, 'to form a relationship').
Synonyms: बनाना (banaanaa)
Frequency: high
Cultural Note: Hindi extends the physical act of joining onto human ties -- रिश्ता जोड़ना (rishtaa jodnaa) or दिल जोड़ना (dil jodnaa, 'to join hearts') treats relationships as things you literally connect, much as you would join two wires. Don't confuse this warm, relational sense with the unrelated idiom जोड़-तोड़ (jod-tod, 'scheming/wheeling-dealing'), which uses the same root but has drifted into a very different, slightly negative meaning.
Sample Sentences:
दोनों परिवारों ने यह रिश्ता बड़ी मेहनत से जोड़ा था। Both families had built this relationship with great effort.
(donon parivaaron ne yah rishtaa badii mehnat se jodaa thaa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
वह हर जगह लोगों से दिल जोड़ लेती है। She builds a heartfelt bond with people wherever she goes.
(vah har jagah logon se dil jod letii hai।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
हमें अपने पड़ोसियों से रिश्ता जोड़ना चाहिए। We should build a relationship with our neighbors.
(hamen apne padosiyon se rishtaa jodnaa chaahie।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Subjunctive -- Voice: Active
अगर तुम थोड़ा समय देते तो शायद यह रिश्ता जुड़ जाता। If you had given a little time, this relationship might have formed.
(agar tum thodaa samay dete to shaayad yah rishtaa jud jaataa।)
Register: Neutral -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Perfective -- Voice: Active
समय के साथ उनके बीच एक गहरा नाता जुड़ गया। Over time, a deep bond formed between them.
(samay ke saath unke biich ek gahraa naataa jud gayaa।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
इस मंदिर में लोग सालों से आपस में भाईचारे का रिश्ता जोड़ते आए हैं। At this temple, people have been building bonds of brotherhood among themselves for years.
(is mandir men log saalon se aapas men bhaaiichaare kaa rishtaa jodte aae hain।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
अपने दिल को उनसे मत जोड़ो, वे जल्दी ही चले जाएंगे। Don't get emotionally attached to them, they'll be leaving soon.
(apne dil ko unse mat jodo, ve jaldii hii chale jaaenge।)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Imperative -- Voice: Active
शादी के ज़रिए दो परिवारों के बीच नाता जोड़ा जाता है। Through marriage, a bond is formed between two families.
(shaadii ke zarie do parivaaron ke biich naataa jodaa jaataa hai।)
Register: Formal -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Passive
काश हम बचपन का वह रिश्ता फिर से जोड़ पाते। I wish we could rebuild that childhood bond again.
(kaash ham bachpan kaa vah rishtaa phir se jod paate।)
Register: Literary -- Mood: Counterfactual -- Aspect: Habitual -- Voice: Active
गुरु और शिष्य का रिश्ता श्रद्धा से जुड़ता है। The bond between a guru and disciple is formed through reverence.
(guru aur shishy kaa rishtaa shraddhaa se judtaa hai।)
Register: Devotional -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Habitual -- Tense: Present -- Voice: Active
क्या तुम सच में उससे इतनी जल्दी दिल जोड़ बैठे? Did you really fall for her and get so attached this quickly?
(kyaa tum sach men usse itnii jaldii dil jod baithe?)
Register: Casual -- Mood: Indicative -- Aspect: Perfective -- Tense: Past -- Voice: Active
Morphology
Verb
infinitive: जोड़ना (jodnaa)
infinitive oblique: जोड़ने (jodne)
habitual/simple (sg.m): जोड़ता (jodtaa)
habitual/simple (pl.m): जोड़ते (jodte)
habitual/simple (sg.f): जोड़ती (jodtii)
habitual/simple (pl.f): जोड़तीं (jodtiin)
continuous (sg.m): जोड़ रहा (jod rahaa)
continuous (pl.m): जोड़ रहे (jod rahe)
continuous (sg.f): जोड़ रही (jod rahii)
continuous (pl.f): जोड़ रहीं (jod rahiin)
perfective (sg.m): जोड़ा (jodaa)
perfective (pl.m): जोड़े (jode)
perfective (sg.f): जोड़ी (jodii)
perfective (pl.f): जोड़ीं (jodiin)
imperative (informal): जोड़ (jod)
imperative (neutral): जोड़ो (jodo)
imperative (formal): जोड़िए (jodie)
future (1sg.m): जोड़ूँगा (jodoongaa)
future (1sg.f): जोड़ूँगी (jodoongii)
future (1pl.m): जोड़ेंगे (jodenge)
future (1pl.f): जोड़ेंगी (jodengii)
future (2sg.m): जोड़ेगा (jodegaa)
future (2sg.f): जोड़ेगी (jodegii)
future (2pl.m): जोड़ोगे (jodoge)
future (2pl.f): जोड़ोगी (jodogii)
future (3sg.m): जोड़ेगा (jodegaa)
future (3sg.f): जोड़ेगी (jodegii)
future (3pl.m): जोड़ेंगे (jodenge)
future (3pl.f): जोड़ेंगी (jodengii)
subjunctive (1sg): जोड़ूँ (jodoon)
subjunctive (1pl): जोड़ें (joden)
subjunctive (2sg): जोड़े (jode)
subjunctive (2pl): जोड़ो (jodo)
subjunctive (3sg): जोड़े (jode)
subjunctive (3pl): जोड़ें (joden)